Bioelectrics - New applications for pulsed power technology
Bioelectrics - New applications for pulsed power technology
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DOI：
10.1109/tps.2002.1003873
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发表时间：
2002-02-01
影响因子：
1.5
通讯作者：
Beebe, SJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Schoenbach, KH;Katsuki, S;Beebe, SJ
利用脉冲电场控制生物细胞功能和膜转运过程的可能性为脉冲功率技术提供了新的应用。一种这样的应用是防止生物结垢，一种基于细胞膜的可逆电穿孔的效果。已经发现，每厘米几千伏振幅和亚微秒持续时间的脉冲电场可以防止表面上水生有害物种的生长。可逆电穿孔也用于医学应用，例如，用于将化疗药物递送到肿瘤细胞中、用于基因治疗和用于透皮药物递送。更高的电场导致不可逆的膜损伤。微秒范围内的脉冲，电场强度为每厘米几十千伏，用于水和液体食物的细菌净化。一种新型的场细胞相互作用，利用纳秒脉冲电场超过50千伏/厘米最近已被添加到已知的生物电效应。基于与细胞亚结构的电容耦合，其具有影响跨亚细胞膜的运输过程的潜力，并且可用于将基因转移到细胞核中。其他研究表明，它触发细胞内过程，如程序性细胞死亡，可用于癌症治疗。为了产生这些过程所需的电场，需要高电压高电流源。脉冲持续时间需要很短，以防止热效应。脉冲功率技术是生物工程这一新领域的使能技术，我们称之为“生物电”。"
The possibility to control functions and membrane transport processes in biological cells by external pulsed electric fields offers new applications for pulsed power technology. One such application is prevention of biofouling, an effect that is based on reversible electroporation of cell membranes. Pulsed electric fields of several kilovolts per centimeter amplitude and submicrosecond duration have been found to prevent the growth of aquatic nuisance species on surfaces. Reversible electroporation is also used for medical applications, e.g., for delivery of chemotherapeutic drugs into tumor cells, for gene therapy and for transdermal drug delivery. Higher electric fields cause irreversible membrane damage. Pulses in the microsecond range with electric field intensities in the tens of kilovolts per centimeter are used for bacterial decontamination of water and liquid food. A new type of field-cell interaction utilizing nanosecond pulses with electric fields exceeding 50 kV/cm has been recently added to known bioelectric effects. Based on capacitive coupling to cell substructures, it has the potential to affect transport processes across subcellular membranes and may be used for gene transfer into cell nuclei. Other studies indicate that it triggers intracellular processes such as programmed cell death that can be used for cancer treatment. In order to generate the required electric fields for these processes, high-voltage high-current sources are required. The pulse duration needs to be short to prevent thermal effects. Pulse power technology is the enabling technology for this new field of bioengineering, which we have termed "bioelectrics."