Overcoming barriers to HIV testing: Preferences strategies among clients of a needle for new exchange, a sexually transmitted disease clinic, and sex venues for men who have sex with men
Overcoming barriers to HIV testing: Preferences strategies among clients of a needle for new exchange, a sexually transmitted disease clinic, and sex venues for men who have sex with men
复制标题
DOI：
10.1097/00126334-200303010-00012
复制
发表时间：
2003-03-01
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
Wood, RW
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Spielberg, F;Branson, BM;Wood, RW
目的：确定在高危人群中克服艾滋病毒检测障碍的策略。方法：我们开展了一项调查，在针具交换、三个与男性发生性关系的女性的性场所和一个性传播疾病诊所的460名参与者中，引出了测试动机、障碍和对新策略的偏好。结果：检测障碍包括受个人担忧（恐惧和歧视）影响的因素；通过规划、政策和法律（指定报告和负担不起治疗）；通过咨询和测试策略（不喜欢咨询）。焦虑地等待结果，和静脉穿刺)。最大比例的参与者倾向于快速检测策略，包括临床检测（27%）和家庭自检（20%）；选择口服液检测（18%）、尿液检测（17%）和标准血液检测（17%）的比例大致相同。1%的人更喜欢在家里采集标本。与其他策略相比，从未测试过的参与者更倾向于在家自测。黑人明显更喜欢尿检。结论：提高艾滋病毒咨询和检测接受度的策略包括提供匿名检测和早期治疗的信息。扩大快速检测、尿液检测和家庭自检的选择；提供替代静脉穿刺的方法；备考前辅导，可选；允许电话结果披露可能会鼓励更多的人了解他们的艾滋病毒状况。
Objective: To determine strategies to overcome barriers to HIV testing among persons at risk.Methods: We developed a survey that elicited testing motivators, barriers, and preferences for new strategies among 460 participants at a needle exchange, three sex venues for riten who have sex with men, and a sexually transmitted disease clinic.Results: Barriers to testing included factors influenced by individual concern (fear and discrimination); by programs, policies, and laws (named reporting and inability to afford treatment); and by counseling and testing strategies (dislike of counseling. anxiety waiting for results, and venipuncture). The largest proportions of participants preferred rapid testing strategies, including clinic-based testing (27%) and home self-testing (20%); roughly equal proportions preferred oral fluid testing (18%), urine testing (17%), and standard blood testing (17%). One percent preferred home specimen collection. Participants who had never tested before were significantly more likely to prefer home self-testing compared with other strategies. Blacks were significantly more likely to prefer urine testing.Conclusions: Strategies for improving acceptance of HIV counseling and testing include information about access to anonymous testing and early treatment. Expanding options for rapid testing, urine testing, and home self-testing; providing alternatives to venipuncture; making pretest counseling, optional; and allowing telephone results disclosure may encourage more persons to learn their HIV status.