Effects of aerobic training on bone mineral density of postmenopausal women.
Effects of aerobic training on bone mineral density of postmenopausal women.
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有氧训练对绝经后妇女骨密度的影响。
DOI：
10.1002/jbmr.5650080805
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发表时间：
1993
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Notelovitz,M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Martin,D;Notelovitz,M
共有76名妇女入选，55名自然绝经后妇女完成了一项为期12个月的研究，调查有氧训练加钙补充对腰椎（L2-4）骨密度（BMD）和前臂BMD的影响。训练在跑步机上进行，以最大心率的70-85%进行30或45分钟，每周三次，持续12个月。采用双光子吸收法测量腰椎BMD，采用单光子吸收法测量前臂BMD。入组研究时，各组在年龄、体重、自停用以来的月数、身高、最大摄氧量（Vo 2 max）以及腰椎和前臂BMD方面相似。训练后，Vo 2 max的百分比变化在对照组和运动组之间有显着差异，但在运动组之间没有显着差异。评估腰椎BMD的ANOVA显示无显著的相互作用效应，组间或时间间无显著变化（p> 0.05）。对照组（N= 19）、30分钟组（N= 20）和45分钟组（N= 16）在12个月内腰椎BMD变化百分比（X± SD）分别为-0. 61 ± 3. 40、-0. 48 ± 3. 63和0. 81 ± 4. 53%。对照组、30分钟组和45分钟组腰椎BMD百分比变化的95%置信限分别为-2.25至1.02、-2.18至1.22和-1.16至3.22%。前臂BMD变化也不显著。腰椎BMD的改善与VO 2 max的改善呈弱正相关，r= 0.28，p < 0.05。与绝经后>6年的受试者相比，绝经开始≤ 6年的女性腰椎BMD损失加速，并检查了该子集的BMD变化。近期绝经后对照受试者（N= 7）腰椎BMD平均百分比变化为-3.36 ± 1.53，而11名近期绝经后运动（30 + 45分钟组）受试者为-1.67 ± 1.75%，p< 0.05。在最近绝经的亚组中，前臂BMD变化均不显著。因此，尽管12个月的有氧运动训练并没有导致前臂或腰椎BMD的显著增加，但训练减轻了绝经≤ 6年的女性的腰椎BMD损失。
A total of 76 women were enrolled and 55 naturally postmenopausal women completed a 12 month study investigating the effects of aerobic training plus calcium supplementation on lumbar (L2–4) bone mineral density (BMD) and forearm BMD. Training was conducted on treadmills at 70–85% of maximal heart rate for 30 or 45 minutes, three times per week for 12 months. Lumbar BMD was measured with dual‐photon absorptiometry and forearm BMD with single‐photon absorptiometry. Groups were similar with respect to age, weight, months since menopuase, height, maximal oxygen uptake (Vo2max), and lumbar and forearm BMD upon entering the study. Following training, percentage changes in Vo2maxwere significantly different between the control and exercise groups but not between exercise groups. ANOVA evaluating lumbar BMD revealed a nonsignificant interaction effect and no significant changes (p> 0.05) between groups or times. The control (N= 19), 30 minute (N= 20), and 45 minute (N= 16) groups percentage lumbar BMD changes (X± SD) over 12 months were ‐0.61 ± 3.40, ‐0.48 ± 3.63, and 0.81 ± 4.53%, respectively. The 95% confidence limits for percentage changes in lumbar BMD for the control, 30 minute, and 45 minute groups were ‐2.25 to 1.02, ‐2.18 to 1.22, and ‐1.16 to 3.22%, respectively. Forearm BMD changes were also not significant. Improvement in lumbar BMD was weakly but positively correlated with improvements in VO2max,r= 0.28,p< 0.05. Women ≤ 6 years of the onset of menopause had an accelerated lumbar BMD loss compared to subjects who were >6 years postmenopausal, and this subset's BMD changes were examined. The recently postmenopausal control subjects' (N= 7) lumbar BMD mean percentage change was ‐3.36 ± 1.53 versus ‐1.67 ± 1.75% for the 11 recently postmenopausal exercise (30 + 45 minute groups) subjects,p< 0.05. None of the forearm BMD changes in the recently menopausal subset were significant. Thus, although 12 months of aerobic exercise training did not result in significant increases in forearm or lumbar BMD, training attenuated lumbar BMD loss in women who were ≤ 6 years of the onset of the menopause.