Achievement or Origin: Social Background and Ascent to Top Management
Achievement or Origin: Social Background and Ascent to Top Management
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成就或起源：社会背景和晋升高层管理人员
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发表时间：
2010
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通讯作者：
Michael Hartmann
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文献类型：
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作者：
Michael Hartmann
本文基于对教育和职业道路的多元分析，调查了社会出身与晋升德国商界高层之间的关系。研究对象是 1955 年、1965 年、1975 年和 1985 年获得工程、法律或经济学博士学位的约 6,500 名博士持有者。结果显示，来自上层阶级的博士持有者比来自工人阶级和广大中产阶级的同等资格的同龄人更有可能进入商界精英。此外，结果表明，教育机会均等并没有使受聘到精英职位的机会均等。因此，职业前景主要不是由个人能力和努力决定的，德国商界精英的选拔也绝不是精英主义的本质。
In this paper, the relationship between social origin and ascent to the upper echelons of the German business community is investigated based on multivariate analyses of educational and career paths. Subjects were some 6,500 PhD holders awarded a doctorate in engineering, law or economics in the years 1955, 1965, 1975 and 1985. It emerges that PhD holders from the upper classes are much more likely to be admitted to the business elite than their equally qualified peers from the working class and broad middle classes. Furthermore, results show that the equalization of educational opportunities has not equalized chances of recruitment to elite positions. Thus, career prospects are not primarily determined by individual ability and effort, and selection to the German business elite is by no means meritocratic in nature.