Diffusion tensor magnetic resonance imaging tractography in cognitive disorders
Diffusion tensor magnetic resonance imaging tractography in cognitive disorders
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DOI：
10.1097/01.wco.0000247610.44106.3f
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发表时间：
2006-12-01
影响因子：
4.8
通讯作者：
Catani, Marco
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Catani, Marco
综述用于体内追踪连接的新技术的出现，如扩散张量磁共振成像纤维束成像，使我们第一次能够在人脑中研究白质纤维的微结构完整性，并执行大规模神经认知网络的虚拟解剖。本文将概述扩散张量磁共振成像在神经学和精神病学中应用于认知和行为障碍研究的优势和局限性。最近的发现扩散张量磁共振成像已被用于重新探索活体人脑中白质束的解剖结构，并建立脑功能的连接模型。除了应用于经典的断连综合征，弥散张量磁共振成像正在成为一个重要的工具，将断连的范例扩展到神经发育和神经退行性疾病。概述，我们第一次能够在活体内将断连病变与临床症状联系起来，并直接在认知障碍中测试断连机制。通过单独使用扩散张量磁共振成像纤维束成像，并结合其他磁共振成像技术，研究人员能够检测到常规磁共振成像无法看到的白质异常。
Purpose of review The advent of novel techniques for tracing connections in vivo, such as diffusion tensor magnetic resonance imaging tractography, allows us, for the first time in the human brain, to study the microstructural integrity of white matter fibres and perform virtual dissections of large scale neurocognitive networks. This review will outline the advantages and limitations of applying diffusion tensor magnetic resonance imaging to the study of cognitive and behavioural disorders in neurology and psychiatry.Recent findings Diffusion tensor magnetic resonance imaging has been used to re-explore the anatomy of white matter tracts in the living human brain and to create connectional models of brain function. Beyond its application to classical disconnection syndromes, diffusion tensor magnetic resonance imaging is becoming an important tool to extend the disconnectionist paradigm to neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative disorders.Summary For the first time, we are able to correlate disconnecting lesions with clinical symptoms in vivo and test the disconnection mechanism directly in cognitive disorders. With diffusion tensor magnetic resonance imaging tractography alone and in combination with other magnetic resonance imaging techniques, researchers are able to detect abnormalities in white matter that are not visible with conventional magnetic resonance imaging.