Some Suggestions for How to Proceed
Some Suggestions for How to Proceed
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关于如何进行的一些建议
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发表时间：
2017
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通讯作者：
P. Boddington
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作者：
P. Boddington
最后一章根据到目前为止的讨论，对道德规范的发展提出了一些初步的建议。这必然是不完整的，但需要对正在进行的辩论作出贡献。任何道德准则都需要很好地嵌入到组织及其文化中，并指出人工智能道德准则可能面临问题的具体方式。制定和执行守则的程序需要注意到参与者的思维方式和经验的多样性。一些人工智能运作中固有的透明度问题，以及公众对人工智能影响的重要关注，意味着最大限度地提高道德准则的透明度和开放性，适合特定组织，是非常可取的。道德准则需要平衡对抽象原则的关注和具体性，特别是在人工智能领域，道德理想的应用必须转化为具体实践。准则的修订和评论程序至关重要。导致道德准则的道德讨论以及道德准则本身必须包括对人类功能边界问题的考虑，这是人工智能中的一个关键问题，可能会被排除在一些道德辩论之外。特别注意取代或扩大人类机构的影响以及对复杂社会系统的影响将是有益的。最后，简要讨论了Asilomar AI原则，作为最近试图制定旨在激发关于有益和道德AI的辩论和讨论的原则的一个例子。
This final chapter makes some provisional suggestions for the development of codes of ethics based upon the discussion so far. This will be of necessity incomplete, but there is a need to contribute to ongoing debate. Any code of ethics needs to be embedded well into an organisation and its culture, and specific ways in which codes of ethics for AI might face problems are indicated. Procedures for drawing up and implementing codes need to take note of diversity of thinking style and of experience in participants. The problems of transparency inherent in the operation of some AI, together with the important public concerns about the impact of AI, means that maximising transparency and openness in codes of ethics, appropriate to a particular organisation, is highly desirable. Codes of ethics need to balance attention to abstract principles with specificity, especially in AI where application of ethical ideals must be translatable into concrete practice. Procedures for revision and critique of codes are essential. Ethical discussion leading up to codes of ethics, as well as the codes of ethics themselves, must include consideration of issues concerning boundaries of human functioning, which is a key issue in AI and which may be left out of some ethical debates. Particular attention to the implications of replacing or extending human agency, and impacts upon complex social systems, would be useful. Lastly, the Asilomar AI Principles are briefly discussed, as an example of a recent attempt to produce principles intended to stimulate debate and discussion about beneficial and ethical AI.