Climate strategies: thinking through Arctic examples.
Climate strategies: thinking through Arctic examples.
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气候战略：思考北极的例子。
DOI：
10.1098/rsta.2016.0363
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发表时间：
2017
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Bodenhorn B
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Bodenhorn B
西伯利亚和阿拉斯加频繁发生的不可预测的极端天气事件破坏了基础设施，威胁到极地人民的生计。当地的反应是创造性的和灵活的。然而，后苏联西伯利亚和阿拉斯加的独特政治在战略规划的实用主义中起着关键作用。北极是全球气候变化的驱动因素，但在无冰的未来，北极也有望提供大量资源，这导致了“环境”和“发展”目标之间的紧张关系。根据西伯利亚和阿拉斯加的资料，我们认为：(1)北极的极端事件正在成为常态；物质需求处于不断变化的状态，因此难以评估未来的物质需求。我们既要考虑材料的减少，也要考虑材料的替代；应考虑到地方一级的响应战略。核心/外围思维倾向于假设答案来自“中心”；在我们看来，这是有限的；（三）我们建议，“灵活性”可能成为城市规划者和公共卫生官员与西伯利亚驯鹿牧民一样重要的核心生存价值。在这方面，我们认为不仅需要同时制定缓解和适应政策，而且需要协调一致地努力促进青年人的这种能力。本文是“减少材料需求”专题的一部分。
Frequent and unpredictable extreme weather events in Siberia and Alaska destroy infrastructure and threaten the livelihoods of circumpolar peoples. Local responses are inventive and flexible. However, the distinct politics of post-Soviet Siberia and Alaska play a key role in the pragmatics of strategic planning. The Arctic is a planetary climate driver, but also holds the promise of massive resources in an ice-free future, producing tensions between ‘environmental’ and ‘development’ goals. Drawing on material from Siberia and Alaska we argue: (i) that extreme events in the Arctic are becoming normal; material demands are in a state of flux making it difficult to assess future material needs. We must consider material substitutions as much as material reduction; (ii) local-level responsive strategies should be taken into account. Core/periphery thinking tends to assume that answers come from ‘the centre’; this is, in our view, limited; (iii) we suggest that ‘flexibility’ may become a core survival value that is as important for city planners and public health officials as it is for Siberian reindeer herders. In this, we see not only the simultaneous need for mitigation and adaptation policies, but also for a concerted effort in promoting such capacities in young people.This article is part of the themed issue ‘Material demand reduction’.