Global phytoplankton decline over the past century
Global phytoplankton decline over the past century
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DOI：
10.1038/nature09268
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发表时间：
2010-07-29
期刊：
影响因子：
64.8
通讯作者：
Worm, Boris
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Boyce, Daniel G.;Lewis, Marlon R.;Worm, Boris
在海洋中，无处不在的微型光养生物(浮游植物)约占地球有机质产量的一半。对卫星获取的浮游植物浓度的分析(自1979年以来)表明，十年尺度的波动与气候强迫有关，但这一记录的长度不足以解决较长期的趋势。在这里，我们结合现有的海洋透明度测量和原位叶绿素观测来估计自1899年以来在局部、区域和全球尺度上浮游植物生物量的时间依赖性。我们观察到十分之八的海洋地区出现了下降，并估计全球下降的速度类似于全球中位数的1%。我们的分析进一步揭示了浮游植物的年际到年代际波动叠加在长期趋势上。这些波动与盆地规模的气候指数密切相关，而长期下降趋势与海洋表面温度上升有关。我们的结论是，全球浮游植物密度在过去一个世纪里有所下降；这种下降将需要在未来对海洋生态系统、地球化学循环、海洋环流和渔业的研究中加以考虑。
In the oceans, ubiquitous microscopic phototrophs (phytoplankton) account for approximately half the production of organic matter on Earth. Analyses of satellite-derived phytoplankton concentration (available since 1979) have suggested decadal-scale fluctuations linked to climate forcing, but the length of this record is insufficient to resolve longer-term trends. Here we combine available ocean transparency measurements and in situ chlorophyll observations to estimate the time dependence of phytoplankton biomass at local, regional and global scales since 1899. We observe declines in eight out of ten ocean regions, and estimate a global rate of decline of similar to 1% of the global median per year. Our analyses further reveal interannual to decadal phytoplankton fluctuations superimposed on long-term trends. These fluctuations are strongly correlated with basin-scale climate indices, whereas long-term declining trends are related to increasing sea surface temperatures. We conclude that global phytoplankton concentration has declined over the past century; this decline will need to be considered in future studies of marine ecosystems, geochemical cycling, ocean circulation and fisheries.