Resistance to Innate Immunity Contributes to Colonization of the Insect Gut by Yersinia pestis.
Resistance to Innate Immunity Contributes to Colonization of the Insect Gut by Yersinia pestis.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0133318
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发表时间：
2015
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Marketon MM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Earl SC;Rogers MT;Keen J;Bland DM;Houppert AS;Miller C;Temple I;Anderson DM;Marketon MM
鼠疫耶尔森氏菌是一种典型的野生啮齿类动物的人畜共患病，是腺鼠疫和肺鼠疫的病原体。跳蚤腺胃中细菌生物膜的形成有助于跳蚤的慢性感染并促进有效的疾病传播。然而，在生物膜形成之前，摄入的细菌必须在跳蚤中肠内存活，但对跳蚤肠道定殖所需的媒介-病原体相互作用知之甚少。本文建立了一个果蝇模型系统来研究Y.鼠疫菌在昆虫媒介中的定殖。我们证明了Y.鼠疫在蝇幼虫的前中肠中建立稳定的感染，并且我们使用该模型系统来研究涉及生物膜产生和/或对肠道免疫应激物的抗性的基因的作用。我们发现PhoP和GmhA都有助于苍蝇对抗菌肽的定殖和抗性，此外，数据表明生物膜的形成可以提供对抗抗菌肽的保护。与跳蚤一样，苍蝇肠道中活性氧的产生也有助于限制细菌感染，而OxyR介导Y。鼠疫菌在两种昆虫模型中存活。总的来说，我们的数据建立了果蝇作为一个信息模型来阐明Y。鼠疫及其跳蚤媒介。
Yersinia pestis, the causative agent of bubonic and pneumonic plague, is typically a zoonotic vector-borne disease of wild rodents. Bacterial biofilm formation in the proventriculus of the flea contributes to chronic infection of fleas and facilitates efficient disease transmission. However prior to biofilm formation, ingested bacteria must survive within the flea midgut, and yet little is known about vector-pathogen interactions that are required for flea gut colonization. Here we establish a Drosophila melanogaster model system to gain insight into Y. pestis colonization of the insect vector. We show that Y. pestis establishes a stable infection in the anterior midgut of fly larvae, and we used this model system to study the roles of genes involved in biofilm production and/or resistance to gut immunity stressors. We find that PhoP and GmhA both contribute to colonization and resistance to antimicrobial peptides in flies, and furthermore, the data suggest biofilm formation may afford protection against antimicrobial peptides. Production of reactive oxygen species in the fly gut, as in fleas, also serves to limit bacterial infection, and OxyR mediates Y. pestis survival in both insect models. Overall, our data establish the fruit fly as an informative model to elucidate the relationship between Y. pestis and its flea vector.