Physical Studies on the Turbidity in the Sea Water, with Special Reference to the Relation of the Radiant Energy: 特に輻射量との関係について
Physical Studies on the Turbidity in the Sea Water, with Special Reference to the Relation of the Radiant Energy: 特に輻射量との関係について
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海水浊度的物理研究，特别是辐射能的关系：
DOI：
10.5928/kaiyou1942.9.143
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发表时间：
1953
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
K. Hishida
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
K. Hishida
从物理的角度讨论了海洋湍流，特别是它与辐射能的关系。这项研究是沿着以下的路线进行的。(1)海洋对太阳热辐射的吸收及其与海水浊度的关系。利用热电堆，在舞鹤湾和土鲁加湾直接测量了到达海中不同深度的辐射能量。导出了一个方程，该方程将这些能量与光的波长和海水的浊度联系起来。从这个方程的计算值的能量与观测数据进行了比较。为了便于使用，用图表表示了不同深度和不同消光系数时的总能量。(2)海水中光的消光系数分布。在许多研究者获得的水下照明数据中，只有少数数据与有关的海洋状况一起说明。本文用简易的海底光度计，结合水温、含氯度等资料，试图求得垂直距离上的光强衰减，发现消光系数在不同区域和垂直分层中有不同类型的分布，并显示出消光系数随时间的变化。(3)海水浊度的测量及浊度的特性。水下照度测量受自然条件的限制，通过测量透射光线通过样品的光电流，对海水样品的浊度进行了一系列实验室实验。详细说明了测量方法。讨论了浮游生物和盐度对浊度的影响。对于前者来说是实验性的，对于后者来说是理论性的。悬浮物的物理性质对海水浊度有重要影响
Turbidity in the sea was discussed from the physical point of view, especially with its relation to radiation energy. This study was advanced along the following course. (1) Absorption of solar heat radiation in the sea, and its relation to the turbidity of the sea water. By using a thermopile, radiation energies which reach different depths in the sea were directly measured in Maizuru Bay and Turuga Bay. An equation was derived which relates these energies to the wave-length of light and the turbidity of the sea water. Computed values of the energies from this equation were compared with observational data. For facility in use, the amounts of total energies as different depths and for different extinction coefficients were represented in a graph and a table. (2) Distribution of extinction coefficients of light in the sea. Among data on underwater illumination, which have been obtained by many investigators, there are only few which have illustrated together with the state of sea concerned. The present author have attempted to obtain the reduction of intensity of light on a vertical distance using a simple submarine photometer, together with the water temperature, the chlorinity, etc. Various types of the distribution of extinction coefficients were found in different areas and in vertically stratified layers, and the change with time of extinc tion was also shown. (3) Measurement of turbidity of sea water, and the character of turbidity. Measurements of underwater illumination are restricted by natural con ditions, so that a series of laboratory experiments was made of turbidity of sea water samples by measuring photoelectric current of transmitted ray of light through the samples. The method of measurement was explained in detail. The influence of plankton and of salinity upon turbidity Was discussed. experimentally for the former, and theoretically for the latter. Physical character of seston, which may play an important role in the turbidity of sea