Adipokines, inflammation, and the endothelium in diabetes.
Adipokines, inflammation, and the endothelium in diabetes.
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DOI：
10.1007/s11892-003-0020-2
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发表时间：
2003-08-01
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Hamdy, Osama
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Aldhahi, Waleed;Hamdy, Osama
细胞因子是具有多种内分泌和代谢功能的生物活性低分子量蛋白质，并且是免疫系统和炎症的已知产物。这些细胞因子中的一些被证明是脑血管和冠状动脉疾病的独立危险因素。由于内脏和皮下脂肪组织是细胞因子（脂肪因子）的主要来源，因此脂肪组织质量增加与脂肪因子产生的改变相关（例如，脂肪组织中肿瘤坏死因子-a、白细胞介素-6、纤溶酶原激活物抑制剂-1的过度表达和脂联素的低表达）。与这些变化相关的促炎状态提供了胰岛素抵抗和内皮功能障碍之间的潜在联系，动脉粥样硬化过程的早期阶段，在肥胖个体和2型糖尿病患者中。通过与运动相关的体重减轻来减少脂肪组织质量减少TNF-α、IL-6和派-1，增加脂联素，并且与改善的胰岛素敏感性和内皮功能相关。
Cytokines are biologically active low molecular weight proteins that possess several endocrine and metabolic functions and are known products of the immune system and inflammation. Several of these cytokines were shown to be independent risk factors for cerebrovascular and coronary artery disease. Because visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissues are the major sources of cytokines (adipokines), increased adipose tissue mass is associated with alteration in adipokine production (eg, overexpression of tumor necrosis factor-a, interleukin-6, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1, and underexpression of adiponectin in adipose tissue). The proinflammatory status associated with these changes provides a potential link between insulin resistance and endothelial dysfunction, the early stage in the atherosclerotic process, in obese individuals, and in type 2 diabetic patients. Reduction of adipose tissue mass through weight reduction in association with exercise reduces TNF-a, IL-6, and PAI-1, increases adiponectin, and is associated with improved insulin sensitivity and endothelial function.