ALDH2 polymorphism and alcohol-related cancers in Asians: a public health perspective.
ALDH2 polymorphism and alcohol-related cancers in Asians: a public health perspective.
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DOI：
10.1186/s12929-017-0327-y
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发表时间：
2017-03-03
影响因子：
11
通讯作者：
Chen CH
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chang JS;Hsiao JR;Chen CH
包括癌症在内的200多种疾病的发生都可以归因于饮酒。全球因饮酒导致的癌症死亡人数从1990年的24.3万人上升到2010年的33.74万人。2010年，因饮酒导致的癌症死亡占所有癌症死亡的4.2%。强有力的流行病学证据已证实酒精在多种癌症的发生中起因果作用，包括食道癌、头颈癌、肝癌、乳腺癌和结直肠癌。酒精与其他癌症之间关联的证据尚无定论。由于东亚人群中 ALDH2*2 等位基因的患病率较高，东亚人可能更容易受到酒精的致癌作用，大多数证据来自食道癌和头颈癌的研究，而其他癌症的数据则更为有限。东亚人群中 ALDH2*2 等位基因的高患病率可能具有重要的公共卫生影响，可用于减少东亚人群中酒精相关癌症的发生，包括： 1) 通过筛查 ALDH2 多态性来识别罹患酒精相关癌症的高风险个体； 2）将ALDH2多态性筛查纳入促进戒酒或减少饮酒的行为干预方案； 3）利用ALDH2多态性作为酒精相关癌症的预后指标； 4）针对ALDH2进行化学预防； 5) 制定 ALDH2 缺乏者的饮酒指南。未来的研究应该评估这些策略是否能有效预防与酒精相关的癌症的发生。
The occurrence of more than 200 diseases, including cancer, can be attributed to alcohol drinking. The global cancer deaths attributed to alcohol-consumption rose from 243,000 in 1990 to 337,400 in 2010. In 2010, cancer deaths due to alcohol consumption accounted for 4.2% of all cancer deaths. Strong epidemiological evidence has established the causal role of alcohol in the development of various cancers, including esophageal cancer, head and neck cancer, liver cancer, breast cancer, and colorectal cancer. The evidence for the association between alcohol and other cancers is inconclusive. Because of the high prevalence of ALDH2*2 allele among East Asian populations, East Asians may be more susceptible to the carcinogenic effect of alcohol, with most evidence coming from studies of esophageal cancer and head and neck cancer, while data for other cancers are more limited. The high prevalence of ALDH2*2 allele in East Asian populations may have important public health implications and may be utilized to reduce the occurrence of alcohol-related cancers among East Asians, including: 1) Identification of individuals at high risk of developing alcohol-related cancers by screening for ALDH2 polymorphism; 2) Incorporation of ALDH2 polymorphism screening into behavioral intervention program for promoting alcohol abstinence or reducing alcohol consumption; 3) Using ALDH2 polymorphism as a prognostic indicator for alcohol-related cancers; 4) Targeting ALDH2 for chemoprevention; and 5) Setting guidelines for alcohol consumption among ALDH2 deficient individuals. Future studies should evaluate whether these strategies are effective for preventing the occurrence of alcohol-related cancers.