Absolute pitch: An approach for identification of genetic and nongenetic components
Absolute pitch: An approach for identification of genetic and nongenetic components
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DOI：
10.1086/301704
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发表时间：
1998-02-01
影响因子：
9.8
通讯作者：
Freimer, NB
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Baharloo, S;Johnston, PA;Freimer, NB
绝对音高(AP)是指在没有外部参照的情况下识别音高的能力，通过对音乐学院、培训项目和管弦乐队的600多名音乐家的调查，我们试图剖析早期音乐训练和遗传对这种能力发展的影响。早期的音乐训练对AP的发展似乎是必要的，但不是充分的。在小于或等于4岁开始训练的音乐人中，40%的人报告了AP，而在大于或等于9岁开始训练的音乐人中，只有3%的人报告了AP。自我报告的AP持有者报告其家庭中另一名AP持有者的可能性是非AP持有者的四倍。这些数据表明，AP的发展既需要早期的音乐训练，也需要遗传易感性。我们开发了一种简单的基于计算机的声学测试，使我们能够根据AP持有者的表现将他们细分为不同的组，对在这项测试中表现非常好的个人的调查已经导致我们确定了几个适合AP遗传基础研究的家族。
Absolute pitch (AP) is the ability to recognize a pitch, without an external reference, By surveying more than 600 musicians in music conservatories, training programs, and orchestras, we have attempted to dissect the influences of early musical training and genetics on the development of this ability. Early musical training appears to be necessary but nor sufficient for the development of AP. Forty percent of musicians who had begun training at less than or equal to 4 years of age reported AP, whereas only 3% of those who had initiated training at greater than or equal to 9 years of age did so. Self-reported AP possessors were four times more likely to report another AP possessor in their families than were non-AP possessors. These data suggest that both early musical training and genetic predisposition are needed for the development of AP. We developed a simple computer-based acoustical test that has allowed us to subdivide AP possessors into distinct groups, on the basis of their performance, Investigation of individuals who performed extremely well on this test has already led us to identify several families that will be suitable for studies of the genetic basis of AP.