Rac controls PIP5K localisation and PtdIns(4,5)P2 synthesis, which modulates vinculin localisation and neurite dynamics

Rac controls PIP5K localisation and PtdIns(4,5)P2 synthesis, which modulates vinculin localisation and neurite dynamics
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DOI:
10.1242/jcs.062679
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发表时间:
2010-10-15
影响因子:
4
通讯作者:
Divecha, Nullin
Divecha, Nullin
中科院分区:
生物学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Halstead, Jonathan R.;Savaskan, Nicolai E.;Divecha, Nullin

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在 N1E-115 细胞中,由神经突重塑因子(例如溶血磷脂酸、1-磷酸鞘氨醇和脑信号蛋白 3A)诱导的神经突回缩需要磷脂酰肌醇 4-磷酸 5-激酶 (PIP5K) 的活性。 PIP5K 合成磷酸肌醇脂质第二信使磷脂酰肌醇 (4,5) 二磷酸 [PtdIns(4,5)P-2],并且活性 PIP5K 的过表达足以诱导 N1E-115 细胞和小脑颗粒神经元中的神经突回缩。然而,PIP5K 的调控方式或它们如何诱导神经突收缩尚不清楚。在这里,我们表明 PIP5K beta 诱导的神经突收缩取决于其与低分子量 G 蛋白 Rac 的相互作用。我们鉴定了 PIP5K beta 和 Rac1 之间的相互作用位点,并生成了不再与内源 Rac 相互作用的 PIP5K beta 点突变体。使用该突变体,我们表明 Rac 控制 PIP5K beta 的质膜定位,从而控制诱导神经突收缩所需的 PtdIns(4,5)P-2 的局部合成。其他 PIP5K 同工型中该残基的突变也会减弱它们诱导神经突收缩和定位在膜上的能力。为了阐明 PtdIns(4,5)P-2 水平增加如何诱导神经突回缩,我们发现无法与 PtdIns(4,5)P-2 相互作用的纽蛋白突变体会减弱 PIP5K 和 LPA 诱导的神经突回缩。我们的研究结果支持 PtdIns(4,5)P-2 合成在调节局灶复合物纽蛋白定位以及最终调节神经突动力学中的作用。
In N1E-115 cells, neurite retraction induced by neurite remodelling factors such as lysophosphatidic acid, sphingosine 1-phosphate and semaphorin 3A require the activity of phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate 5-kinases (PIP5Ks). PIP5Ks synthesise the phosphoinositide lipid second messenger phosphatidylinositol(4,5) bisphosphate [PtdIns(4,5)P-2], and overexpression of active PIP5K is sufficient to induce neurite retraction in both N1E-115 cells and cerebellar granule neurones. However, how PIP5Ks are regulated or how they induce neurite retraction is not well defined. Here, we show that neurite retraction induced by PIP5K beta is dependent on its interaction with the low molecular weight G protein Rac. We identified the interaction site between PIP5K beta and Rac1 and generated a point mutant of PIP5K beta that no longer interacts with endogenous Rac. Using this mutant, we show that Rac controls the plasma membrane localisation of PIP5K beta and thereby the localised synthesis of PtdIns(4,5)P-2 required to induce neurite retraction. Mutation of this residue in other PIP5K isoforms also attenuates their ability to induce neurite retraction and to localise at the membrane. To clarify how increased levels of PtdIns(4,5)P-2 induce neurite retraction, we show that mutants of vinculin that are unable to interact with PtdIns(4,5)P-2, attenuate PIP5K- and LPA-induced neurite retraction. Our findings support a role for PtdIns(4,5)P-2 synthesis in the regulation of vinculin localisation at focal complexes and ultimately in the regulation of neurite dynamics.