THE RELATION OF DIET, CIGARETTE-SMOKING, AND ALCOHOL-CONSUMPTION TO PLASMA BETA-CAROTENE AND ALPHA-TOCOPHEROL LEVELS
THE RELATION OF DIET, CIGARETTE-SMOKING, AND ALCOHOL-CONSUMPTION TO PLASMA BETA-CAROTENE AND ALPHA-TOCOPHEROL LEVELS
复制标题
DOI：
10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a114804
复制
发表时间：
1988-02-01
影响因子：
5
通讯作者：
WILLETT, WC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
STRYKER, WS;KAPLAN, LA;WILLETT, WC
研究人员在330名年龄在18-79岁的男女中研究了饮食和营养补充剂、吸烟、饮酒和血脂与血浆中β -胡萝卜素和α -生育酚水平的关系。膳食胡萝卜素、预成型维生素A和维生素E的摄入量是通过自我管理的半定量食物频率问卷来估计的。与不吸烟者相比，吸烟者饮食中胡萝卜素与血浆β -胡萝卜素的相关性降低（男性r = 0.02 vs 0.44；女性r = 0.19 vs 0.45）。吸烟者的血浆β -胡萝卜素水平比不吸烟者低得多（几何平均8.5比15.3 .mu）。男性G /dl；17.3 vs. 26.3亩。G /dl（女性），尽管类胡萝卜素的摄入量略低。在多元回归分析中，考虑到膳食胡萝卜素和其他变量后，每天吸一包烟的男性血浆β -胡萝卜素水平是不吸烟者的72%(95%置信区间（Cl） 58-59)；对于女性，相应的百分比为79% （Cl 64-99）。在类似的模型中，每天饮酒20克的男性的β -胡萝卜素水平是不饮酒者的76% (Cl 65-88)；女性的水平是不饮酒者的89% （Cl 73-108）。在一个结合两性的模型中，胡萝卜素摄入量和吸烟的相互作用项在统计上是显著的。这些结果表明，吸烟者和重度饮酒者的血浆β -胡萝卜素水平可能由于饮食的差异而大大低于水平。在男性（n = 137）和女性（n = 193）中，经热量调节的维生素E摄入量与经脂质调节的维生素α -生育酚血浆水平的相关性分别为0.53和0.51，并且在饮酒和吸烟方面没有差异；这些相关性在很大程度上是由服用维生素补充剂造成的。在线性回归模型中，维生素E摄入量和血浆脂质是血浆α -生育酚水平的显著预测因子。
The relation of diet and nutritional supplements, cigarette use, alcohol consumption, and blood lipids to plasma levels of beta-carotene and alpha-tocopherol was studied among 330 men and women aged 18-79 years. Dietary carotene, preformed vitamin A, and vitamin E intake were estimated by a self-administered semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire. The correlation of dietary carotene with plasma beta-carotene was reduced in smokers compared with non-smokers (r = 0.02 vs 0.44 among men; r = 0.19 vs. 0.45 among women). Smokers had much lower plasma levels of beta-carotene than did nonsmokers (geometric mean 8.5 vs 15.3 .mu.g/dl for men; 17.3 vs. 26.3 .mu.g/dl for women) despite only slightly lower intakes of carotenoids. In multiple regression analyses, men who smoked one pack per day had 72% (95% confidence interval (Cl) 58-59) of the plasma beta-carotene levels of nonsmokers after accounting for dietary carotene and other variables; for women, the corresponding percentage was 79% (Cl 64-99). In similar models, men drinking 20 g of alcohol per day had 76% (Cl 65-88) of the beta-carotene levels of nondrinkers; women had 89% (Cl 73-108) of the levels of nondrinkers. An interaction term for carotene intakes and smoking was statistically signficant in a model combining both sexes. These results suggest that plasma levels of beta-carotene among smokers and, perhaps, heavy consumers of alcohol may be reduced substantially below levels due to differences in diet. The correlation of calorie-adjusted intake of vitamin E with lipid-adjusted plasma levels of vitamin alpha-tocopherol was 0.53 for men (n = 137) and 0.51 for women (n = 193) and did not differ by alcohol consumption and cigarette use; these correlations were largely accounted for by use of vitamin supplements. In linear regression models, vitamin E intake and plasma lipids were significant predictors of plasma alpha-tocopherol levels.