Dwarf morphology of the annual plant Persicaria longiseta as a local adaptation to a grazed habitat, Nara Park, Japan
Dwarf morphology of the annual plant Persicaria longiseta as a local adaptation to a grazed habitat, Nara Park, Japan
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日本奈良公园一年生植物 Persicaria longiseta 的矮化形态，作为对放牧栖息地的局部适应
DOI：
10.1111/j.1442-1984.2008.00221.x
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发表时间：
2008
影响因子：
1.4
通讯作者：
R. Suzuki
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
R. Suzuki
我进行了一个共同的花园实验，使用三个种群的一年生物种，长刚毛草，不同的放牧历史，比较植物形态和可塑性的种群之间的放牧。从种群中收集的种子被分配到修剪和营养处理。无论处理条件如何，5个月后，与Miwa和Heijo种群（无放牧历史）相比，奈良公园种群（长期放牧鹿）的个体表现出较短的枝条、较小的叶子和较低的植株质量，并形成了大量的枝条和花序。在不同的营养条件下，这三个种群对修剪的可塑性几乎没有差异。我还进行了一个田间试验，其中栽培的个人从三个群体被移植到奈良公园网站。移植实验的结果表明，矮小的形态减少放牧损害的方式，小形成的个人的奈良人口表现出显着较高的生存率和较低的放牧率比大形成的个人从Miwa和Heijo人口。总之，奈良种群中的长刚毛猪笼草的矮小形态可能是由于鹿放牧的选择压力而进化为遗传稳定的形式。尽管表型可塑性在一定程度上促进了侏儒的发育，但我没有观察到奈良公园特有的可塑性进化的证据。
I conducted a common garden experiment using three populations of an annual species, Persicaria longiseta, with different grazing histories to compare plant morphology and its plasticity in response to grazing among populations. Seeds collected from the populations were assigned to clipping and nutrient treatments. Regardless of the treatment conditions, after 5 months individuals of the Nara Park population (long history of deer grazing) exhibited shorter shoots, smaller leaves and lower plant mass and developed a larger number of shoots and inflorescences compared with the Miwa and Heijo populations (no grazing history). Across nutrient conditions, the three populations exhibited few differences in plasticity in response to clipping. I also conducted a field experiment in which cultivated individuals from the three populations were transplanted to the Nara Park site. Results of the transplant experiment revealed that the dwarf morphology reduced grazing damage in such a way that small-formed individuals of the Nara population exhibited significantly higher survival and a lower grazing rate than large-formed individuals from the Miwa and Heijo populations. In conclusion, the dwarf morphology of P. longiseta in the Nara population is likely to have evolved as a genetically stable form as a result of selection pressure from deer grazing. Although phenotypic plasticity contributed in part to the development of the dwarf forms, I observed no evidence of evolution of plasticity specific to Nara Park.