Ergonomic exposures in apple harvesting: Preliminary observations
Ergonomic exposures in apple harvesting: Preliminary observations
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DOI：
10.1002/ajim.10087
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发表时间：
2002-08-01
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Earle-Richardson, G
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Fulmer, S;Punnett, L;Earle-Richardson, G
背景最近关于纽约和宾夕法尼亚州苹果采摘工人职业伤害的研究表明，肌肉劳损是他们的主要问题之一。通过对4个果园的试点观察，设计了一个姿势-活动-工具搬运(PATH)数据采集模板，分析了另外8个苹果园51名工人的工作情况。结果肩部的体力负荷主要由3个因素造成：伸手摘苹果时肘部过肩；吊桶皮带与锁骨接触产生的向下压力；携带梯子劳损到背部的劳累似乎来自3种情况：静态、笨拙的采摘姿势；弯腰将采摘桶倒入桶内；用下背部支撑满载的苹果。结论提出了可能的干预策略，强调种植者和收割者的直接沟通和积极参与。(C)2002年Wiley-Liss，Inc.
Background Recent research on occupational injury to apple harvest workers in New York and Pennsylvania indicates that muscle strain is one of their leading problems. A descriptive study of ergonomic risks for strains of the shoulder and lower back among apple harvesters was carried out to identify opportunities for intervention.Methods Based upon pilot observation in four orchards, a Posture-Activities-Tools-Handling (PATH) data collection template was designed and used to analyze the work of fifty-one workers in eight additional apple orchards.Results Physical loading on the shoulder appears to result from three major factors: reaching to pick apples with elbows over shoulder height; downward pressure from the bucket's strap in contact with the collarbone; and strain from carrying the ladder Strain to the back appeared to come from three circumstances: static, awkward picking postures; bending to empty the picking bucket into the bin; and supporting a full load of the apples with the lower back.Conclusion Possible intervention strategies are suggested, with emphasis on direct communication and active involvement on the part of the growers and harvesters. (C) 2002 Wiley-Liss, Inc.