Current research in natural language generation
Current research in natural language generation
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自然语言生成的最新研究
DOI：
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发表时间：
1990
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
M. Zock
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
R. Dale;C. Mellish;M. Zock
《当前自然语言生成研究》源自 1989 年 4 月在爱丁堡举行的第二届欧洲自然语言生成研讨会。本书收录的论文选自研讨会上部分论文的修订版。该书提供了 NLG 当前研究的概况，特别强调了欧洲研究界开展的工作。它针对的是已经熟悉 NLG 的受众。尽管不同的论文在必要时提供了介绍性技术材料，但一般来说，仅这些材料似乎不足以使外行完全理解不同的论点。不过，提供了足够的参考。本书分为四个主要部分：文本规划（四篇论文）、语言实现（两篇论文）、建筑描述（三篇论文）和联结主义方法（两篇论文）。第一部分包含 Hovy、Scott 和 de Souza、Cawsey 以及 McKeown 等人的贡献。第一篇论文题为“段落规划中未解决的问题”，由 Hovy 撰写，是一篇立场文件，主要从修辞结构理论（RST）的角度提出了话语规划中七个未解决的问题（Mann 和 Thompson 1988）。这些问题分为两类：有关相干关系的理论和表示的问题以及算法问题。本文的重要性在于它将 NLG 的讨论集中在研究人员必须解决的关键问题上。第二篇论文《在基于 RST 的生成中传达信息》由 Scott 和 de Souza 撰写，解决了生成有效实现沟通目标的文本的问题。为此，作者从读者处理文本的难易程度来看待风格，而不是从美学角度来看待。本文的主要贡献在于，它提出了基于心理语言学证据的明确启发法来控制 RST 话语关系的实现。我发现第 3.2 节“使文本对交流环境敏感”，其中作者将文本标记的生成与上下文敏感性联系起来，有些问题。此外，由于论文中提出的启发式方法尚未实现，因此对它们如何相互作用进行一些分析将是有用的。第三篇论文《生成解释性话语》由 Cawsey 撰写，讨论了一种交互式内容和话语规划器，其输出根据用户不断变化的能力进行定制，并且还可以处理中断和补救性话语。该论文提供了一种新颖的方法来解决话语规划中的特定标准。其贡献包括：使用类似于Litman（1985）的方法来分离内容和话语规划；图式的层次分解；以及使用议程进行内容规划。这篇论文提供了清晰的阐述
Current Research in Natural Language Generation is derived from the Second European Natural Language Generation Workshop, which was held in Edinburgh in April 1989. The papers included in this volume were selected from revised versions of some of the papers presented at the workshop. The book provides a snapshot of the current research in NLG, with particular emphasis on the work conducted by the European research community. It is aimed at an audience already familiar with NLG. Even though the different papers provide introductory technical material where necessary, in general, this material alone seemed insufficient to enable the uninitiated to understand completely the different arguments. However, adequate references are provided. The book is divided into four main sections: text planning (four papers), linguistic realization (two papers), building descriptions (three papers), and connectionist approaches (two papers). The first section contains contributions by Hovy, Scott and de Souza, Cawsey, and McKeown et al. The first paper, entitled "Unresolved issues in paragraph planning," by Hovy, is a position paper that raises seven unresolved problems in discourse planning, mainly from the perspective of Rhetorical Structure Theory (RST) (Mann and Thompson 1988). These problems are divided into two groups: problems concerning the theory and representation of coherence relations, and algorithmic problems. The importance of this paper is that it focuses the discussion on NLG on crucial issues to which researchers have to address themselves. The second paper, "Getting the message across in RST-based generation," by Scott and de Souza, addresses the problem of generating text that achieves a communicative goal effectively. To this end, the authors look upon style in terms of a reader's ease of processing a text, rather than in terms of aesthetics. The main contribution of the paper is that it presents explicit heuristics grounded in psycholinguistic evidence to control the realization of RST discourse relations. I found Section 3.2, "Making the text sensitive to the communicative setting," where the authors link the generation of textual markers to context sensitivity, somewhat problematic. In addition, since the heuristics presented in the paper were not implemented, some analysis of how they interact would have been useful. The third paper, "Generating explanatory discourse," by Cawsey, discusses an interactive content and discourse planner whose output is tailored to the changing capabilities of the user, and which can also handle interruptions and remedial discourse. The paper offers a novel approach that addresses specific criteria in discourse planning. Its contributions include: the use of an approach similar to Litman's (1985) to separate content and discourse planning; the hierarchical decomposition of schemata; and the use of an agenda for content planning. This paper provides a clear exposition