Water use efficiency for grain yield in an old and two more recent maize hybrids
Water use efficiency for grain yield in an old and two more recent maize hybrids
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旧玉米杂交种和两种新玉米杂交种的水分利用效率对粮食产量的影响
DOI：
10.1016/j.fcr.2017.09.013
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发表时间：
2017
影响因子：
5.8
通讯作者：
L. Echarte
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
M. Nagore;Aida Della Maggiora;F. H. Andrade;L. Echarte
提高粮食生产的水分利用效率，WUEg（即粮食产量和季节蒸散量之间的商，ET）是相关的作物。预计新玉米的WUEg比老玉米的WUEg更大。根据不同的报道，最近的玉米杂交种比老的玉米杂交种具有更高的谷物产量、更高的胁迫耐受性或相似的季节性ET。然而，没有报告量化WUEg在不同年代发布的玉米杂交种。在这项研究中，我们量化WUEG及其组件（即粮食产量和季节性ET），我们研究在关键时期的生理特性的核心集（即植物生长速率，PGRcp;穗生长速率，EGRcp; ET，ETCP和气孔导度），在一个老的和两个最近的玉米杂交种下生长的对比土壤水分供应。三个玉米杂交种，DK2 F10（旧的杂交种在1980年发布）和DK 682 RR和DK 690 MG（最近的杂交种，在2004年发布），在4个季节的5个试验中种植;灌溉和灌溉处理，以促进对比土壤水分有效性。每隔7-10天用中子探针测量土壤含水量。最大WUEg在较新的品种中（25.1 kg ha− 1 mm −1）往往高于较老的品种（23.1 kg ha− 1 mm −1）;在较低的水分利用率下，较新的品种的WUEg优势更大，明显高于较老的品种。更大的WUEg最近的杂交种与更大的粮食产量在所有供水，这是一个更大的KNP的结果。在低水分条件下，较新的杂交种的KNP与较老的杂交种的PGRcp、ETcp和气孔导度有关。
Increasing water use efficiency for grain production, WUEg (i.e. the quotient between grain yield and seasonal evapotranspiration, ET) is of relevance in rainfed crops. A greater WUEg is expected in more recent than in old maize (Zea maysL.) hybrids, based on different reports indicating higher grain yield, higher stress tolerance or similar seasonal ET in more recent than in old maize hybrids. However, there are no reports quantifying WUEg in maize hybrids released in different decades. In this study we quantify WUEg and its components (i.e. grain yield and seasonal ET) and we examine physiological traits during the critical period for kernel set (i.e. plant growth rate, PGRcp; ear growth rate, EGRcp; ET, ETcp and stomatal conductance), in an old and in two more recent maize hybrids grown under contrasting soil water availability. Three maize hybrids, DK2F10 (old hybrid released in 1980) and DK682RR and DK690MG (more recent hybrids, released in 2004), were grown in 5 experiments during 4 seasons; and irrigation and rainfed treatments were used to promote contrasting soil water availabilities. Soil water content was measured every 7–10 days with a neutron probe. Maximum WUEg tended to be higher for more recent (25.1 kg ha−1mm−1) than for the older hybrid (23.1 kg ha−1mm−1); and advantages of WUEg were larger and significantly higher in the more recent than in the older hybrid, at lower water availability. The greater WUEg of more recent hybrids was associated with greater grain yield at all water supplies; which was the result of a greater KNP. At low water availability, the greater KNP in more recent hybrids was related to greater PGRcp, ETcp and stomatal conductance than in the old maize hybrid.