Individuals’ Evaluations of and Attitudes Towards Potentially Uncanny Robots
Individuals’ Evaluations of and Attitudes Towards Potentially Uncanny Robots
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DOI：
10.1007/s12369-015-0321-z
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发表时间：
2015-08
影响因子：
4.7
通讯作者：
A. V. D. Pütten;N. Krämer
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
A. V. D. Pütten;N. Krämer
在本文中，我们对恐怖谷效应的解释方法进行了概述和分类，并进行了实证研究。在恐怖谷假设的背景下，研究采用了定性访谈的方式，在访谈中，研究人员向参与者展示了潜在的神秘人形机器人和机器人的图片和视频，以探索参与者对非常像人类的机器人的评价，他们对这些机器人的态度，以及他们对这些机器人的情绪反应。在这方面，机器人的外观，运动和HRI的背景的影响进行了检查。结果显示，与假设相反，参与者对可能是神秘的机器人不仅有消极的情绪反应，还有积极的情绪反应。机器人的外表对参与者来说非常重要，因为某些特征与某些能力是相等的，仅仅是人类的外表而没有相关的功能是不被欣赏的，人类的吸引力规则被应用到机器人身上。分析还证明了机器人运动的重要性以及它们所处的社会环境。恐怖谷的两种可能原因和解释的重要性，即类别边界的不确定性（参见Ramey在恐怖谷研讨会论文集：IEEE-RAS人形机器人国际会议，2005年；ICCS/CogSci-2006长研讨会论文集“走向Android科学的社会机制”，2006年）和潜意识的恐惧被取代（参见MacDorman & Ishiguro在Interact Stud 7(3): 297-337, 2006年）。在这种反思的评估水平上，我们发现了一些对假设的支持，即参与者对如何将机器人分类（作为人或机器）感到不确定，并且一些（但不是全部）参与者对被机器人取代的想法感到不舒服。
In the present work we provide an overview and categorization of explanatory approaches for the uncanny valley effect and present an empirical study. Against the background of the uncanny valley hypothesis, the study utilized qualitative interviews in which participants were presented with pictures and videos of potentially uncanny humanoid and android robots to explore participants’ evaluations of very human-like robots, their attitudes about these robots, and their emotional reactions towards these robots. In this regard, the influence of the robots’ appearance, movement and the context of HRI were examined. Results showed that, contrasting the hypothesis, participants reported not only negative, but also positive emotional reactions towards the possibly uncanny robots. The robots’ appearance was of great importance for the participants, because certain characteristics were equalized with certain abilities, merely human appearance without a connected functionality was not appreciated, and human rules of attractiveness were applied to the android robots. The analysis also demonstrated the importance of the robots’ movements and the social context they were placed in. The importance of two possible causes and explanations of the uncanny valley, namely uncertainty at category boundaries (cf. Ramey in Proceedings of views of the uncanny valley workshop: IEEE-RAS international conference on humanoid robots, 2005; Proceedings of the ICCS/CogSci-2006 long symposium “Toward Social Mechanisms of Android Science”, 2006) and subconscious fears of being replaced (cf. MacDorman & Ishiguro in Interact Stud 7(3):297–337, 2006) were explored in this work. On this reflective level of evaluation we found some support for the assumptions that participants experienced uncertainty how to categorize android robots (as human or machine) and that some (but not all) participants felt uncomfortable at the thought to be replaced by robots.