Antifungal potential of Sideroxylon obtusifolium and Syzygium cumini and their mode of action against Candida albicans
Antifungal potential of Sideroxylon obtusifolium and Syzygium cumini and their mode of action against Candida albicans
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DOI：
10.3109/13880209.2016.1155629
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发表时间：
2016-01-01
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Rosalen, Pedro Luiz
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Pereira, Jozinete Vieira;Freires, Irlan Almeida;Rosalen, Pedro Luiz
背景随着耐药病原菌的出现和抗真菌药物的毒性，人们积极寻找新的候选药物来控制念珠菌生物膜。Penn（Sapotacea）和Syzygium cumini（L.）对巴西卡廷加生物群落的桃金娘科植物Skeels进行了化学表征，并探讨了其对C.材料和方法我们确定了水醇提取物/级分对真菌生长（最小抑制和杀真菌浓度，MIC/MFC）、生物膜形态（扫描电子显微镜）和活力（共聚焦激光扫描显微镜）的影响，提出了它们的作用模式（山梨醇和麦角固醇测定），最后在基于细胞的测定中研究了它们对巨噬细胞和角质形成细胞的影响。采用Tukey-Kramer事后检验（α = 0.05）进行单因素方差分析。obtusifolium和S.孜然提取物（Sc）的化学组成为黄酮类（39.11 ± 6.62mg/g）和皂苷类（820.35 ± 225.38mg/g），具有抑菌活性，MIC分别为62.5和125 μ g/mL。Nb和Sc可与麦角固醇复合，因为在外源麦角固醇存在下MIC增加4-16倍，导致细胞膜的渗透性被破坏。从低至其MIC和更高的浓度，观察到对经处理的生物膜的形态和活力的有害影响。在这些浓度下，Sc对巨噬细胞和角质形成细胞没有毒性（p> 0.05），而Nb。结论Nb和Sc显示出相当的抗真菌活性，应进一步研究作为治疗念珠菌生物膜的潜在替代候选物。
Context The emergence of resistant pathogens and toxicity of antifungals have encouraged an active search for novel candidates to manage Candida biofilms.Objective In this study, the little known species Sideroxylon obtusifolium T.D. Penn (Sapotacea) and Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels (Myrtaceae), from the Caatinga biome in Brazil were chemically characterized and explored for their antifungal potential against C. albicans.Materials and methods We determined the effects of hydroalcoholic extracts/fractions upon fungal growth (minimum inhibitory and fungicidal concentrations, MIC/MFC), biofilm morphology (scanning electron microscopy) and viability (confocal laser scanning microscopy), proposed their mode of action (sorbitol and ergosterol assays), and finally investigated their effects against macrophage and keratinocyte cells in a cell-based assay. Data were analysed using one-way analysis of variance with Tukey-Kramer post-test (alpha = 0.05).Results The n-butanol (Nb) fraction from S. obtusifolium and S. cumini extract (Sc) showed flavonoids (39.11 +/- 6.62mg/g) and saponins (820.35 +/- 225.38mg/g), respectively, in their chemical composition and demonstrated antifungal activity, with MICs of 62.5 and 125 mu g/mL, respectively. Nb and Sc may complex with ergosterol as there was a 4-16-fold increase in MICs in the presence of exogenous ergosterol, leading to disrupted permeability of cell membrane. Deleterious effects were observed on morphology and viability of treated biofilms from concentrations as low as their MICs and higher. Sc was not toxic to macrophages and keratinocytes at these concentrations (p> 0.05), unlike Nb.Conclusions Nb and Sc demonstrated considerable antifungal activity and should be further investigated as potential alternative candidates to treat Candida biofilms.