Trajectories of risk behaviors across adolescence and young adulthood: The role of race and ethnicity
Trajectories of risk behaviors across adolescence and young adulthood: The role of race and ethnicity
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DOI：
10.1016/j.addbeh.2017.07.014
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发表时间：
2018-01-01
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Bartlett, Robin
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Park, Eunhee;McCoy, Thomas P.;Bartlett, Robin
导言：尽管药物使用行为的纵向研究取得了重要进展，但大多数研究都是按性别或种族进行分层分析，这限制了直接比较人口统计学群体中特定发展途径可能性的能力。因此，迫切需要精心设计的研究来检查种族/民族与青春期至成年期物质使用行为的发展轨迹之间的关系。方法：采用加速纵向设计，我们从全国青少年到成人健康纵向研究的第I-IV期中检查了12-31岁的行为。我们进行了生长混合模型，得出了随时间变化的估计轨迹。接下来，我们使用多项逻辑回归评估了种族/民族与轨迹隶属度之间的关系。结果：大麻使用有5条轨迹，吸烟有4条轨迹，无烟烟草使用和饮酒天数有3条轨迹，重度间歇性饮酒有2条轨迹。控制性别和家庭社会经济地位，非洲裔美国人和西班牙裔美国人比非西班牙裔白人更不可能过早使用香烟或无烟烟草或大量饮酒。结论：美国青少年和年轻人的物质使用行为发展遵循不同的途径，一些人在青春期早期尝试，而另一些人在青春期后期或成年早期开始使用。我们通过证明行为模式因种族/民族而异，扩展了关于这些行为的发展知识；低风险轨迹的成员（那些涉及较晚或没有开始使用药物的人）更有可能是非裔美国人或西班牙裔，而不是非西班牙裔白人。
Introduction: Despite important advances of longitudinal research in substance use behaviors, most studies stratify analyses by gender or race, which limits the ability to directly compare the likelihood of a particular developmental pathway across demographic groups. Thus, there is critical need for well-designed research to examine the associations of race/ethnicity with developmental trajectories of substance use behaviors across adolescence through adulthood.Methods: Using an accelerated longitudinal design, we examined behaviors across ages 12-31 from Waves I-IV of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health. We performed growth mixture modeling, resulting in estimated trajectories over time. Next, we assessed the association between race/ethnicity and trajectory membership using multinomial logistic regression.Results: Five trajectories resulted for marijuana use, four for cigarette smoking, three for smokeless tobacco use and number of days drunk, and two trajectories for heavy episodic drinking. Controlling for gender and family socioeconomic status, African Americans and Hispanics were less likely than non-Hispanic Whites to use cigarettes or smokeless tobacco early or to use alcohol heavily.Conclusions: Substance use behavior development follows different pathways for US adolescents and young adults, with some individuals experimenting earlier in adolescence and others beginning to use later in adolescence or in early adulthood. We extend developmental knowledge about these behaviors by demonstrating that the patterns of behavior vary by race/ethnicity; members of lower-risk trajectories (those involving later or no initiation of substance use) are more likely to be African American or Hispanic than to be non-Hispanic White.