Wood smoke exposure induces a pulmonary and systemic inflammatory response in firefighters
Wood smoke exposure induces a pulmonary and systemic inflammatory response in firefighters
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DOI：
10.1183/09031936.00097707
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发表时间：
2008-07-01
影响因子：
24.3
通讯作者：
van Eeden, S. F.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Swiston, J. R.;Davidson, W.;van Eeden, S. F.
流行病学研究报告了暴露于生物质烟雾和心肺发病率之间的联系。这种关联的机制尚不清楚。本研究的目的是描述暴露于森林火灾烟雾的急性肺部和全身炎症效应。季节性森林消防员（n=52）在一天灭火之前和/或之后被招募。通过问卷调查和测量一氧化碳水平（用于估计可吸入颗粒物暴露）来评估暴露情况。通过问卷调查、肺活量测定和痰诱导来评估肺反应。外周血细胞计数和炎症细胞因子被测量以确定全身反应。在灭火活动期间，估计可吸入颗粒物暴露量很高（峰值水平为20 mg.m(-3)）。65%的消防员报告有呼吸道症状。在消防轮班后，痰中粒细胞的比例从6.5%显著增加到10.9%，同时循环白细胞的比例从5.55 × 10(9)增加到7.06 × 10(9)。L-1)和带细胞(0.11 × 10（9)至0.16 × 10(9)细胞。L-1）。灭火后血清白细胞介素(IL)-6、IL-8和单核细胞趋化蛋白-1水平显著升高。在不灭火的剧烈运动后，带细胞、IL-6和IL-8没有变化。含吞噬颗粒的痰中巨噬细胞的变化与循环带细胞有显著的相关性。总之，急性暴露于森林火灾烟雾造成的空气污染会引起肺部炎症，以及全身炎症反应。
Epidemiological studies report an association between exposure to biomass smoke and cardiopulmonary morbidity. The mechanisms for this association are unclear. The aim of the present study was to characterise the acute pulmonary and systemic inflammatory effects of exposure to forest fire smoke.Seasonal forest firefighters (n=52) were recruited before and/or after a day of fire-fighting. Exposure was assessed by questionnaires and measurement of carbon monoxide levels (used to estimate respirable particulate matter exposure). The pulmonary response was assessed by questionnaires, spirometry and sputum induction. Peripheral blood cell counts and inflammatory cytokines were measured to define the systemic response.Estimated respirable particulate matter exposure was high (peak levels >2 mg.m(-3)) during fire-fighting activities. Respiratory symptoms were reported by 65% of the firefighters. The percentage sputum granulocytes increased significantly from 6.5 to 10.9% following fire-fighting shifts, with concurrent increases in circulating white blood cells (5.55 x 10(9) to 7.06 x 10(9) cells.L-1) and band cells (0.11 x 10(9) to 0.16 x 10(9) cells.L-1). Serum interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8 and monocyte chemotactic protein-1 levels significantly increased following fire-fighting. There were no changes in band cells, IL-6, and IL-8 following strenuous physical exertion without fire-fighting. There was a significant association between changes in sputum macrophages containing phagocytosed particles and circulating band cells.In conclusion, acute exposure to air pollution from forest fire smoke elicits inflammation within the lungs, as well as a systemic inflammatory response.