Characterisation of the Ubiquitin-ESCRT pathway in Asgard archaea sheds new light on origins of membrane trafficking in eukaryotes
Characterisation of the Ubiquitin-ESCRT pathway in Asgard archaea sheds new light on origins of membrane trafficking in eukaryotes
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DOI：
10.1101/2021.08.17.456605
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发表时间：
2021-08
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通讯作者：
T. Hatano;S. Palani;Dimitra Papatziamou;D. P. Souza;Ralf Salzer;D. Tamarit;Mehul V. Makwana;Antonia Potter;Alexandra Haig;Wenjue Xu;David Townsend;David Rochester;D. Bellini;Hamdi Hussain;Thijs J. G. Ettema;J. Löwe;B. Baum;N. Robinson;M. Balasubramanian
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作者：
T. Hatano;S. Palani;Dimitra Papatziamou;D. P. Souza;Ralf Salzer;D. Tamarit;Mehul V. Makwana;Antonia Potter;Alexandra Haig;Wenjue Xu;David Townsend;David Rochester;D. Bellini;Hamdi Hussain;Thijs J. G. Ettema;J. Löwe;B. Baum;N. Robinson;M. Balasubramanian
ESCRT机制在所有真核细胞的膜重塑事件中发挥着关键作用，包括膜运输、膜修复、细胞动力学脱落、病毒出口和细胞外囊泡的产生。虽然现代真核生物的机制很复杂，它由几十种蛋白质组成，但这个系统的起源更简单、更古老。事实上，执行最终膜分裂反应的ESCRT-III和Vps4 atp酶的同源物在TACK古菌的细胞分裂和潜在的细胞外囊泡形成中起着类似的作用，而ESCRT-I和II的同源物似乎不存在。在这里，我们探索了最近发现的Asgard古菌基因组中ESCRT机制和相关泛素化系统的同源物的系统发育、结构和生物化学。在这些与真核生物亲缘关系最近的原核生物中，我们提供了ESCRT-I和II亚复合物参与ESCRT-III泛素定向募集的证据，就像在真核生物中一样。这一分析表明ub -偶联ESCRT系统的前真核起源，以及ESCRT可能通过一系列基因复制和多样化事件进化的途径。
The ESCRT machinery performs a critical role in membrane remodelling events in all eukaryotic cells, including in membrane trafficking, membrane repair, cytokinetic abscission, in viral egress, and in the generation of extracellular vesicles. While the machinery is complex in modern day eukaryotes, where it comprises dozens of proteins, the system has simpler and more ancient origins. Indeed, homologues of ESCRT-III and the Vps4 ATPase, the proteins that execute the final membrane scission reaction, play analogous roles in cytokinesis and potentially in extracellular vesicle formation in TACK archaea where ESCRT-I and II homologues seem to be absent. Here, we explore the phylogeny, structure, and biochemistry of homologues of the ESCRT machinery and the associated ubiquitylation system found in genome assemblies of the recently discovered Asgard archaea. In these closest living prokaryotic relatives of eukaryotes, we provide evidence for the ESCRT-I and II sub-complexes being involved in the ubiquitin-directed recruitment of ESCRT-III,_as it is in eukaryotes. This analysis suggests a pre-eukaryotic origin for the Ub-coupled ESCRT system and a likely path of ESCRT evolution via a series of gene duplication and diversification events.