Modeling rainfall interception loss components of forests
Modeling rainfall interception loss components of forests
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jhydrol.2019.124449
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发表时间：
2020-05
影响因子：
6.4
通讯作者：
J. Návar
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
J. Návar
截留损失，即被森林截留并蒸发回大气的降水量，从陆地水文循环中减少了约四分之一的年降水量，在水平衡和气候系统中发挥着重要作用。模型对于模拟云和它的组成部分来说是至关重要的，S，以及风暴期间的蒸发率，呃。能量平衡法和水量平衡法通常产生不同的误差评估。因此，迫切需要进一步的模型开发、测试和简化，以便独立评估I、S、安德鲁。这项研究的目的是：(I)开发一个独立的模型来评估I，SANDER；(Ii)基于其与I的累积和基于事件的测量数据的适合性来比较该模型；以及(Iii)确定拟议模型的优点和局限性。通过打破通常适用于−、P、总降水量关系的线性回归方程和幂回归方程，模型解析地分离出沙尘Ep(L、L Ig)作为OFP的函数。对来自墨西哥的44个实例进行了实地测量，将其划分为干旱和半干旱森林，A&S(N = 13)，热带山地云，TMC(N = 6)，温带，T(N = 4)，和热带干燥，TD(N = 21)，以校准模型。结果表明，尽管该模型是独立于公共方程构建的，但它分离出S，EranEPand非常好地再现了Ivs.P的传统经验线性和功率回归方程，并模拟了无偏的累积值和个人风暴I值。当结合降雨持续时间的函数时，该模型预测的错误率低于使用其他经验方法之前预期的错误率。统计分析表明，随着降雨量、冠层和气候条件的变化，植被指数可能出现振荡。线性函数和幂函数之间的关系。该模型通过解析地分离S、Er、Ep并模拟个体和风暴组合的相容I值，代表了森林水文学的一个重要进展。它进一步阐明了Erand的巨大变异性，有助于解释森林在水收支和气候系统中的作用。
Interception loss,I, the amount of precipitation intercepted by forests and evaporated back to the atmosphere plays important roles in the water balance and the climate system by removing approximately one quarter of the annual precipitation from the terrestrial hydrologic cycle. Models are critical for simulatingIand its components; the canopy storage,S, and the evaporation rate during the storm,Er. The energy and the water balance methods commonly yield differentErassessments. Hence, there is an urgent need for further model development, testing, and simplification in order to independently evaluateI,S, andEr. The objectives of this study were to: (i) develop an independent model to assessI,SandEr; (ii) compare the model based on its fitness to cumulative and event based measured data ofI; and (iii) identify the strengths and limitations of the proposed model. By breaking the linear and power regression equations commonly fitted to theIvs.P, gross precipitation, relationship, the model analytically isolatesSandEp(L L−1) as a function ofP. Field measurements of 44Icase studies collected from Mexico and classified into arid & semi-arid, A&S (N = 13), tropical montane cloud, TMC (N = 6), temperate, T (N = 4), and tropical dry, TD (N = 21), forests were used to calibrate the model. Results showed that even though the model was constructed independently of the common equations; it isolatesS,ErandEpand reproduces remarkably well the conventional empirical linear and power regression equations ofIvs.P; and simulates unbiased cumulative and individual-stormIvalues. When coupled with the function of rainfall duration, the model projects lowerErrates than previously anticipated using other empirical approaches. Statistical analysis revealed the likely oscillation of theIvs.Prelationship between the linear and power functions depending on rainfall, canopy and climate conditions. The model represents an important advancement in forest hydrology by analytically isolatingS,Er,Epand simulating compatibleIvalues for individual as well as for assemblages of storms. It further clarifies the large variability ofErand helps to explain the role of forests in the water budget and the climate system.