What surprises the Mona Lisa? The relative importance of the eyes and eyebrows for detecting surprise in briefly presented face stimuli.
What surprises the Mona Lisa? The relative importance of the eyes and eyebrows for detecting surprise in briefly presented face stimuli.
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蒙娜丽莎有何惊喜？
DOI：
10.1016/j.visres.2023.108275
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发表时间：
2023
期刊：
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
Skog E
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Skog E
分类图像（CI）技术已被用来导出用于面部情绪判断的模板，并揭示哪些面部特征可以影响特定的情绪判断。例如，该方法已被用来表明检测上翻或下翻的嘴巴是区分快乐和悲伤表情的主要策略。我们探索了使用 CI 来检测惊讶，预计睁大眼睛、扬起眉毛和张开嘴是主要特征。我们简要展示了一张女性脸部的照片，其表情中性，嵌入随机视觉噪声中，这些噪声在反复试验的基础上调节了脸部的外观。在单独的会议中，我们展示了这张有眉毛或没有眉毛的脸，以测试扬起眉毛的惊喜元素的重要性。根据参与者的反应将噪声样本聚合到 CI 中。结果表明，眼睛区域对于检测惊喜信息最丰富。除非特别注意口腔，否则我们发现口腔区域没有任何影响。当眉毛缺失时，眼睛效应更强，但眉毛区域本身并不提供信息，当眉毛缺失时，人们不会推断出眉毛。进行了一项后续研究，参与者对中性图像及其相关 CI 的情感效价进行评分。这证实了“惊讶”的 CI 传达了惊讶的表情，同时也表明“不惊讶”的 CI 传达了厌恶的表情。我们得出的结论是，眼睛区域对于检测惊喜很重要。
The classification image (CI) technique has been used to derive templates for judgements of facial emotion and reveal which facial features inform specific emotional judgements. For example, this method has been used to show that detecting an up- or down-turned mouth is a primary strategy for discriminating happy versus sad expressions. We explored the detection of surprise using CIs, expecting widened eyes, raised eyebrows, and open mouths to be dominant features. We briefly presented a photograph of a female face with a neutral expression embedded in random visual noise, which modulated the appearance of the face on a trial-by-trial basis. In separate sessions, we showed this face with or without eyebrows to test the importance of the raised eyebrow element of surprise. Noise samples were aggregated into CIs based on participant responses. Results show that the eye-region was most informative for detecting surprise. Unless attention was specifically directed to the mouth, we found no effects in the mouth region. The eye effect was stronger when the eyebrows were absent, but the eyebrow region was not itself informative and people did not infer eyebrows when they were missing. A follow-up study was conducted in which participants rated the emotional valence of the neutral images combined with their associated CIs. This verified that CIs for ‘surprise’ convey surprised expressions, while also showing that CIs for ‘not surprise’ convey disgust. We conclude that the eye-region is important for the detection of surprise.