At the crossroads of vaginal health and disease, the genome sequence of Lactobacillus iners AB-1
At the crossroads of vaginal health and disease, the genome sequence of Lactobacillus iners AB-1
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.1000086107
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发表时间：
2011-03-15
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
Reid, Gregor
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Macklaim, Jean M.;Gloor, Gregory B.;Reid, Gregor
乳酸杆菌一直被认为是健康人类阴道的重要组成部分。惰性乳杆菌是阴道中最常见的细菌种类，但对其特性知之甚少。我们报道了L. iners AB-1沿着与已发表的密切相关的乳酸杆菌菌株的基因组的比较分析。该基因组是迄今为止报道的最小的乳酸杆菌，具有1.3 Mbp的单条染色体。基因组似乎经历了一个或多个快速进化事件，导致大规模的基因丢失和水平获得许多基因，以在阴道中生存。L. iners可能表现出对阴道环境的特殊适应机制，例如铁硫簇组装系统，以及几种独特的sigma因子来调节这种波动环境中的基因转录。胆固醇结合溶素的潜在高度表达的同系物也可能有助于宿主细胞粘附或充当针对其他微生物的防御机制。值得注意的是，没有明显的粘附蛋白，但几个细胞锚定蛋白被鉴定，并可能是重要的与宿主粘膜组织的相互作用。L. iners广泛存在于健康女性以及患有细菌性阴道病或接受过抗菌治疗的女性中，这表明它是阴道的重要本土物种。
Lactobacilli have long been regarded as important constituents of the healthy human vagina. Lactobacillus iners is the most frequently detected bacterial species in the vagina, but little is known about its characteristics. We report a description of the whole-genome sequence of L. iners AB-1 along with comparative analysis of published genomes of closely related strains of lactobacilli. The genome is the smallest Lactobacillus reported to date, with a 1.3-Mbp single chromosome. The genome seems to have undergone one or more rapid evolution events that resulted in large-scale gene loss and horizontal acquisition of a number of genes for survival in the vagina. L. iners may exhibit specialized adaptation mechanisms to the vaginal environment, such as an iron-sulfur cluster assembly system, and several unique sigma factors to regulate gene transcription in this fluctuating environment. A potentially highly expressed homolog of a cholesterol-binding lysin may also contribute to host cell adhesion or act as a defense mechanism against other microbes. Notably, there is a lack of apparent adhesion proteins, but several cell-anchor proteins were identified and may be important for interaction with the host mucosal tissues. L. iners is widely present in healthy females as well as those suffering from bacterial vaginosis or who have undergone antimicrobial therapy, suggesting that it is an important indigenous species of the vagina.