Prostate cancer in young men: an important clinical entity.
Prostate cancer in young men: an important clinical entity.
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DOI：
10.1038/nrurol.2014.91
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发表时间：
2014-06
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前列腺癌被认为是老年男性的疾病，但今天超过10%的新诊断发生在美国男性≤ 55岁。早发性前列腺癌，即，在≤55岁时诊断，在几个方面与老年男性的前列腺癌不同。在被诊断患有高级别和阶段前列腺癌的男性中，早发性前列腺癌的男性更有可能死于癌症，其原因特异性死亡率高于除80岁以上被诊断出的所有其他人。这表明，重要的生物学差异可能存在于早发性疾病相比，晚发性疾病。此外，早发性前列腺癌已被证明具有更重要的遗传成分，表明这一群体可能比大多数人更受益于遗传风险评估。在临床上，尽管大多数≤ 55岁的病例被诊断为低风险疾病，但他们的预期寿命延长使他们面临疾病进展的长期风险，导致前列腺癌死亡，而且还受到治疗相关疾病的长期影响。这些患者为研究和临床社区带来了独特的挑战和机遇。因此，我们认为，早发性前列腺癌是一个独特的表型，从病因和临床的角度来看，值得进一步关注。
Prostate cancer is considered a disease of older men, but today over 10% of new diagnoses occur in U.S. men ≤ 55 years. Early onset prostate cancer, i.e., diagnosed at ≤55 years, differs from prostate cancer in older men in several ways. Among men diagnosed with high grade and stage prostate cancer, men with early onset prostate cancer are more likely to die of their cancer, with higher cause-specific mortality than all others except those diagnosed over age 80. This suggests that important biological differences may exist in early onset disease compared to late onset disease. Furthermore, early onset prostate cancer has been shown to have a more significant genetic component indicating that this group may benefit more than most from evaluation of genetic risk. Clinically, although the majority of cases ≤ 55 years are diagnosed with low risk disease, their extended life expectancy exposes them to long-term risk of disease progression resulting in death from prostate cancer, but also to prolonged impact from treatment-related morbidities. These patients pose unique challenges and opportunities for both the research and clinical communities. We therefore suggest that early onset prostate cancer is a distinct phenotype, from both an etiologic and clinical perspective, that deserves further attention.
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发表时间：
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期刊：
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影响因子：
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作者：
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发表时间：
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期刊：
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