Contributions of syringeal muscles to respiration and vocalization in the zebra finch.
Contributions of syringeal muscles to respiration and vocalization in the zebra finch.
复制标题
注射器肌肉对斑胸草雀呼吸和发声的贡献。
DOI：
10.1002/neu.480220107
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发表时间：
1991
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Vicario,DS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Vicario,DS
急性和慢性肌电图（EMG）记录从个人的舌肌被用来研究舌参与呼吸和发声。在麻醉的鸟类中，记录的所有舌肌在呼吸的呼气阶段都有一定程度的活动，在腹部肌肉组织的活动之后，在呼吸从舌肌出现之前。在清醒的鸟类中，腹侧肌（V）发出强烈、一致的爆发，但背侧肌（D）在强度和时间上都是可变的。V的去神经足以产生最初在气管鞘神经完全双侧切断的鸟类中看到的喘息呼吸。完全去舌神经也删除了几乎所有的声学特征，区分个别歌曲音节，但对歌曲的时间结构有轻微的影响。当活动在V和D记录在清醒，发声的鸟类，D是积极的声音产生之前和期间，和V显示出一个小的突发声音发作前和一个有力的突发时间终止的声音。在歌曲中，V始终活跃在声音偏移，但也参与了窄带宽音节的声音。对于某些音节（简单的谐波叠加），两块肌肉都不活跃。这些数据表明，V有助于在发声过程中的音节终止，并可能在正常呼吸过程中沉默的鸣管。D有助于大多数音节的声学结构，V可能有助于音节的特殊子集。总之，舌肌在呼吸和发声过程中表现出不同的活动模式，并且可以在发声过程中独立激活，这取决于所产生的音节。
Acute and chronic electormyographic (EMG) recordings from individual syringeal muscles were used to study syringeal participation in respiration and vocalization. In anesthetized birds, all syringeal muscles recorded were active to some degree during the expiratory phase of respiration, following activity in the abdominal musculature and preceding the emergence of breath from the nostril. In awake birds, the ventralis (V) muscle fired a strong, consistent burst, but the dorsalis (D) was variable both in strenght and timing. Denervation of V is sufficient to produce the wheezing respiration originally seen in birds with complete bilateral section of the tracheosyringeal nerve. Complete syringeal denervation also removed almost all the acoustic features that distinguish individual song syllables, but had a minor effect on the temporal structure of song. When activity in V and D was recorded in awake, vocalizing birds, D was active before and during sound production, and V showed a small burst before sound onset and a vigorous burst timed to the termination of sound. During song, V was consistently active at sound offset, but also participated during sound for narrow bandwidth syllables. For some syllables (simple harmonic stacks), neither muscle was active. These data suggest that V contributes to syllable termination during vocalization and may silence the syrinx during normal respiration. D contributes to the acoustic structure of most syllables, and V may contribute to a special subset of syllables. In summary, the syringeal muscles show different activity patterns during respiration and vocalization and can be independently activated during vocalization, depending on the syllable produced.