Bee pollination improves crop quality, shelf life and commercial value.
Bee pollination improves crop quality, shelf life and commercial value.
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DOI：
10.1098/rspb.2013.2440
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发表时间：
2014-01-22
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Tscharntke T
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Klatt BK;Holzschuh A;Westphal C;Clough Y;Smit I;Pawelzik E;Tscharntke T
授粉提高了大多数作物的产量，占全球作物产量的三分之一，但包括作物质量在内的综合效益仍不清楚。因此，国际政策低估了授粉，这在农业集约化和授粉服务减少的时代尤其令人担忧。在本研究中，以草莓为材料的排除试验表明，蜜蜂授粉与风媒和自花授粉相比，可以提高果实的质量、数量和市场价值。蜜蜂授粉的果实更重，畸形更少，达到了更高的商业等级。它们增加了红度，降低了糖酸比，更坚固，从而延长了具有重要商业意义的货架期。较长的货架期减少了至少11%的水果损失。这占2009年欧盟草莓销售总收入29亿美元的14.4亿美元中的3.2亿美元。果实质量和产量的影响是由授粉介导的激素生长调节剂的产生所驱动的，激素生长调节剂存在于几种授粉依赖的作物中。因此，我们的综合研究结果应该适用于广泛的农作物，并证明蜜蜂授粉是迄今为止被低估的、但至关重要的、经济上重要的水果质量决定因素。
Pollination improves the yield of most crop species and contributes to one-third of global crop production, but comprehensive benefits including crop quality are still unknown. Hence, pollination is underestimated by international policies, which is particularly alarming in times of agricultural intensification and diminishing pollination services. In this study, exclusion experiments with strawberries showed bee pollination to improve fruit quality, quantity and market value compared with wind and self-pollination. Bee-pollinated fruits were heavier, had less malformations and reached higher commercial grades. They had increased redness and reduced sugar–acid–ratios and were firmer, thus improving the commercially important shelf life. Longer shelf life reduced fruit loss by at least 11%. This is accounting for 0.32 billion US$ of the 1.44 billion US$ provided by bee pollination to the total value of 2.90 billion US$ made with strawberry selling in the European Union 2009. The fruit quality and yield effects are driven by the pollination-mediated production of hormonal growth regulators, which occur in several pollination-dependent crops. Thus, our comprehensive findings should be transferable to a wide range of crops and demonstrate bee pollination to be a hitherto underestimated but vital and economically important determinant of fruit quality.
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影响因子：
56.9
作者：
Garibaldi, Lucas A.;Steffan-Dewenter, Ingolf;Klein, Alexandra M.
通讯作者：
Klein, Alexandra M.
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Eilers, Elisabeth J.;Kremen, Claire;Klein, Alexandra-Maria
通讯作者：
Klein, Alexandra-Maria
影响因子：
4.3
作者：
Freihat, Nawaf M.;Al-Ghzawi, Abd Al-Majeed;Alqudah, Ahmad
通讯作者：
Alqudah, Ahmad
影响因子：
3
作者：
Klein, AM;Steffan-Dewenter, I;Tscharntke, T
通讯作者：
Tscharntke, T
影响因子：
2.2
作者：
CHAGNON, M;GINGRAS, J;DEOLIVEIRA, D
通讯作者：
DEOLIVEIRA, D