AnaBHEL (Analog Black Hole Evaporation via Lasers) Experiment: Concept, Design, and Status
AnaBHEL (Analog Black Hole Evaporation via Lasers) Experiment: Concept, Design, and Status
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DOI：
10.3390/photonics9121003
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发表时间：
2022-05
期刊：
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Pisin Chen;G. Mourou;M. Besançon;Y. Fukuda;J. Glicenstein;J. Nam;Ching-En Lin;K. Lin;
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Pisin Chen;G. Mourou;M. Besançon;Y. Fukuda;J. Glicenstein;J. Nam;Ching-En Lin;K. Lin;
长期以来，加速相对论反射镜一直被认为是物理模拟黑洞霍金辐射的可行环境。2017年，Chen和Mourou提出了一种新的方法来实现这样的系统，方法是通过超强激光穿过密度降低的等离子体目标。一个通过激光进行模拟黑洞蒸发的国际合作组织已经成立，其目的是观测模拟的霍金辐射，揭示信息损失悖论。为了达到这些目标，我们计划首先验证飞行等离子体镜的动力学，并表征等离子体密度梯度与加速等离子体体镜的轨迹之间的对应关系。然后，我们将尝试探测模拟的霍金辐射光子，并测量霍金光子与其“配对粒子”之间的纠缠。本文以Apollon激光器为参照，描述了我们的AnaBHEL设想和战略，并报告了我们在该实验中的关键部件，包括具有梯度密度分布的超音速气体射流和超导纳米线单光子霍金探测器方面的研究进展。在这些硬件工作的同时，我们进行了计算机模拟来估计潜在的背景，并推导出了由于飞行等离子体镜特有的半透明和有限尺寸效应而对完全反射的点镜的霍金辐射的黑体光谱进行修正的解析表达式。基于这一更真实的辐射光谱，我们估计了霍金光子产额，以指导AnaBHEL实验的设计，这似乎是可以实现的。
Accelerating relativistic mirrors have long been recognized as viable settings where the physics mimic those of the black hole Hawking radiation. In 2017, Chen and Mourou proposed a novel method to realize such a system by traversing an ultra-intense laser through a plasma target with a decreasing density. An international AnaBHEL (Analog Black Hole Evaporation via Lasers) collaboration was formed with the objectives of observing the analog Hawking radiation, shedding light on the information loss paradox. To reach these goals, we plan to first verify the dynamics of the flying plasma mirror and characterize the correspondence between the plasma density gradient and the trajectory of the accelerating plasma mirror. We will then attempt to detect the analog Hawking radiation photons and measure the entanglement between the Hawking photons and their “partner particles”. In this paper, we describe our vision and strategy of AnaBHEL using the Apollon laser as a reference, and we report on the progress of our R&D concerning the key components in this experiment, including the supersonic gas jet with a graded density profile, and the superconducting nanowire single-photon Hawking detector. In parallel to these hardware efforts, we performed computer simulations to estimate the potential backgrounds, and derived analytic expressions for modifications to the blackbody spectrum of the Hawking radiation for a perfectly reflecting point mirror, due to the semi-transparency and finite-size effects specific to flying plasma mirrors. Based on this more realistic radiation spectrum, we estimate the Hawking photon yield to guide the design of the AnaBHEL experiment, which appears to be achievable.