PROTEIN SYNTHESIS AND RNA SYNTHESIS DURING MITOSIS IN ANIMAL CELLS.
PROTEIN SYNTHESIS AND RNA SYNTHESIS DURING MITOSIS IN ANIMAL CELLS.
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DOI：
10.1083/jcb.19.2.267
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发表时间：
1963-11
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
KONRAD CG
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
KONRAD CG
用放射自显影技术研究了哺乳动物组织培养细胞有丝分裂过程中蛋白质和RNA的合成。蛋白质合成之后，用苯丙氨酸-C14孵育仓鼠上皮细胞和人羊膜细胞10或15分钟。为了研究RNA合成，将仓鼠细胞与尿苷-C14孵育10分钟。然后使用全细胞颗粒计数比较间期和有丝分裂细胞的合成能力。RNA的合成率下降，在前期，并达到一个低的13%至16%的平均间期率在中期后期。在仓鼠细胞中的蛋白质合成表现出42%的增加，在前期与随后返回到平均间期值在中期后期。人羊膜细胞在前期没有显着变化，但有一个52%至56%的下降，苯丙氨酸掺入中期后期相比，平均间期率。秋水仙胺用于仓鼠细胞，以研究延长的有丝分裂条件对蛋白质和RNA合成的影响。在此条件下，尿苷掺入极低，而苯丙氨酸掺入仍然相对较高。在有丝分裂条件下观察到的RNA合成的急剧减少被认为是由于染色体的卷曲状态。在有丝分裂过程中蛋白质合成没有类似的减少被解释为这些细胞中存在相对稳定的信使RNA的证据。
Protein synthesis and RNA synthesis during mitosis were studied by autoradiography on mammalian tissue culture cells. Protein synthesis was followed by incubating hamster epithelial and human amnion cells for 10 or 15 minutes with phenylalanine-C14. To study RNA synthesis the hamster cells were incubated for 10 minutes with uridine-C14. Comparisons of the synthetic capacity of the interphase and mitotic cells were then made using whole cell grain counts. The rate of RNA synthesis decreased during prophase and reached a low of 13 to 16 per cent of the average interphase rate during metaphase-anaphase. Protein synthesis in the hamster cells showed a 42 per cent increase during prophase with a subsequent return to the average interphase value during metaphase-anaphase. The human amnion cells showed no significant change at prophase but there was a 52 to 56 per cent drop in phenylalanine incorporation at metaphase-anaphase as compared to the average interphase rate. Colcemide was used on the hamster cells to study the effect of a prolonged mitotic condition on protein and RNA synthesis. Under this condition, uridine incorporation was extremely low whereas phenylalanine incorporation was still relatively high. The drastic reduction of RNA synthesis observed under mitotic conditions is believed to be due to the coiled condition of the chromosomes. The lack of a comparable reduction in protein synthesis during mitosis is interpreted as evidence for the presence in these cells of a relatively stable messenger RNA.