Localization of RNAs in the nucleus: cis- and trans- regulation

Localization of RNAs in the nucleus: cis- and trans- regulation
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RNA 在细胞核中的定位:顺式调节和反式调节

DOI:
10.1080/15476286.2021.1894025
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发表时间:
2021-03
期刊:
影响因子:
4.1
通讯作者:
Yin Yafei
Yin Yafei
中科院分区:
生物学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Tong Chong;Yin Yafei

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RNA的亚细胞定位与其功能及其调控方式相关。大多数蛋白质编码mRNA被输出到细胞质中用于蛋白质合成,而一些mRNA种类、长非编码RNA和一些调控元件相关的不稳定转录物倾向于保留在细胞核中,在那里它们作为调控单元发挥作用和/或受细胞核监视途径的调控。虽然调节mRNA输出和定位的机制已经得到了很好的总结,但RNA,特别是非编码RNA的核滞留机制却很少被综述。本文从RNA转录物中的顺式作用元件及其与反式作用因子的相互作用的角度,综述了近年来RNA核滞留机制的研究进展,特别是非编码RNA的核滞留机制。我们还试图说明RNA核保留的一般原则,并讨论了未来研究的潜在领域。
ABSTRACT The subcellular localization of RNAs correlates with their function and how they are regulated. Most protein-coding mRNAs are exported into the cytoplasm for protein synthesis, while some mRNA species, long noncoding RNAs, and some regulatory element-associated unstable transcripts tend to be retained in the nucleus, where they function as a regulatory unit and/or are regulated by nuclear surveillance pathways. While the mechanisms regulating mRNA export and localization have been well summarized, the mechanisms governing nuclear retention of RNAs, especially of noncoding RNAs, are seldomly reviewed. In this review, we summarize recent advances in the mechanistic study of RNA nuclear retention, especially for noncoding RNAs, from the angle of cis-acting elements embedded in RNA transcripts and their interaction with trans-acting factors. We also try to illustrate the general principles of RNA nuclear retention and we discuss potential areas for future investigation.
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