Measuring preferences for health care interventions using conjoint analysis: An application to HIV testing
Measuring preferences for health care interventions using conjoint analysis: An application to HIV testing
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DOI：
10.1111/1475-6773.01115
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发表时间：
2002-12-01
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Johnson, FR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Phillips, KA;Maddala, T;Johnson, FR
目标。使用联合分析检查HIV检测方法的偏好，这是一种用于衡量经济偏好(效用)的方法。数据来源。1999年11月至2000年2月在加利福尼亚州旧金山的四个公共资助的艾滋病毒检测点进行的自我管理调查(n=365，96%-应答率)。研究设计。我们定义了HIV检测的六个重要属性及其级别(位置、价格、收集的容易程度、及时性/准确性、隐私/匿名性和咨询)。部分析因设计被用来开发由属性水平组合组成的情景。受访者被问到11个问题，根据这些情景，他们会选择“考试A”还是“考试B”。我们使用随机效应概率来估计测试属性的效用。由于价格作为一个属性被包括在内，我们能够估计支付意愿，这为经济评估提供了一个标准化的衡量标准。我们使用了广泛的分析来检验结果的可靠性和有效性，包括分析。(1)偏好一致性，(2)属性之间的交易意愿，(3)与理论预测的一致性。受访者最喜欢准确/及时和私密/匿名的测试，而他们对面对面咨询的偏好相对较低。受访者愿意为即时、高度准确的结果额外支付35美元；然而，他们在获得即时但不太准确的结果方面有很大的不利作用。通过使用联合分析来分析新的属性组合，我们发现。大多数受访者更喜欢即时、高精度的家庭测试，尽管目前美国还没有这种测试。受访者愿意为高精度的即时家庭测试支付39美元。联合分析方法使我们能够估计艾滋病毒检测的特定属性的效用，以及从各种艾滋病毒检测中获得的总体效用，包括正在考虑但尚未获得的检测。联合分析提供了一种方法，可用于衡量和理解其他保健产品、服务和干预措施的价值。
Objective. To examine preferences for HIV test methods using conjoint analysis, a method used to measure economic preferences (utilities).Data Sources. Self-administered surveys at four publicly funded HIV testing locations in San Francisco, California, between November 1999 and February 2000 (n = 365, 96 percent-response rate).Study Design. We defined six important attributes of HIV tests and their levels (location, price, ease of collection, timeliness/accuracy, privacy/anonymity, and counseling). A fractional factorial design was used to develop scenarios that consisted of combinations of attribute levels. Respondents were asked 11 questions about whether they would choose "Test A or B" based on these scenarios.Data Analysis. We used random effects probit to estimate utilities for testing attributes. Since price was included as an attribute, we were able to estimate willingness to pay, which provides a standardized measure for use in economic evaluations. We used extensive analyses to examine the reliability and validity of the results, including analyses of. (1) preference consistency, (2) Willingness to trade among attributes, and (3) consistency with theoretical predictions.Principal Findings. Respondents most preferred tests that were accurate/timely and private/anonymous, whereas they had relatively lower preferences for in-person counseling. Respondents were willing to pay an additional $35 for immediate, highly accurate results; however, they had a strong disutility for receiving immediate but less accurate results. By using conjoint analysis to analyze new combinations of attributes, we found that. respondents would most prefer instant, highly accurate home tests, even though they are not currently available in the U.S. Respondents were willing to pay $39 for a highly accurate, instant home test.Conclusions. The method of conjoint analysis enabled us to estimate utilities for specific attributes of HIV tests as well as the overall utility obtained from various HIV tests, including tests that are under consideration but not yet available. Conjoint analysis offers an approach that can be useful for measuring and understanding the value of other health care goods, services, and interventions.