Female fecundity in highland Papua New Guinea.
Female fecundity in highland Papua New Guinea.
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巴布亚新几内亚高原的雌性繁殖力。
DOI：
10.1080/19485565.1990.9988744
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发表时间：
1990
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Weinstein,M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Johnson,PL;Wood,JW;Weinstein,M
人口统计学家通常认为，人口间出生间隔的差异主要归因于行为差异（例如母乳喂养、性交频率或避孕措施），而生理因素的影响可以忽略不计。这种假设可能是正确的，但应该进行检验，特别是考虑到最近的证据表明，人群中卵巢功能的差异可能比以前认为的要大。在本文中，我们将生育力（每月受孕概率）决定因素的随机模型应用于在巴布亚新几内亚高原部落人口 Gainj 中收集的内分泌数据。根据之前的研究，已知盖尼族人的卵巢功能年龄模式与西方标准明显不同。考虑到盖尼女性的月经初潮较晚、绝经较早和卵巢周期较长等因素，女性整个生育期内的平均表观受孕能力下降了约 27%（从 0.316 降至 0.235），而到下一次表观受孕的平均等待时间仅增加了一个多月。因此，尽管盖尼族女性在生殖生理学方面与西方女性的差异与任何其他已知人群一样多或更多，但这些差异对人口的影响似乎很小。
Demographers often assume that interpopulation variation in birth spacing is attributable primarily to behavioral differences (e.g., in breastfeeding, coital frequency, or contraceptive practice), and that the contribution of physiological factors is negligible. This assumption may be correct, but it should be tested, especially in light of recent evidence that there may be more variation in ovarian function among human populations than was previously believed. In this paper, we apply a stochastic model of the determinants of fecundability (the monthly probability of conception) to endocrinological data collected among the Gainj, a tribal population in highland Papua New Guinea. Based on previous research, the Gainj are known to have age patterns of ovarian function that differ markedly from the Western norms. When account is taken of the late menarche, early menopause, and long ovarian cycles that appear to characterize Gainj women, mean apparent fecundabilty across the female reproductive span is reduced by about 27 per cent (from 0.316 to 0.235), and the mean waiting time to next apparent conception is increased by just over one month. Thus, despite the fact that Gainj women differ from Western women with respect to reproductive physiology by as much as or more than any other known population, the demographic impact of these differences appears to be slight.