Make room for ethnography in design!: overlooked collaborative and educational prospects
Make room for ethnography in design!: overlooked collaborative and educational prospects
复制标题
在设计中为民族志腾出空间！：被忽视的合作和教育前景
DOI：
10.1145/571773.571781
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发表时间：
1998
影响因子：
8.9
通讯作者：
F. Kensing
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jesper Simonsen;F. Kensing
文化分析，特别是其人种学形式/变体，已经在计算机支持的协同工作（CSCW），人机交互（HCI）和设计（PD）社区中应用了几年。这些社区吸引了关注基于计算机的系统的使用质量的学者和从业者。尽管如此，贝德和奈斯认为，文化分析“可能不会在发展过程中发挥重要作用，至少像目前所定义的那样。“我们认为，由于技术的设计和使用是社会构建的，文化分析将只发挥作用，如果它的支持者努力腾出空间，这一论点建立在我们自己的经验，作为计算机科学家谁集成了人种学风格的工作与基于计算机的系统的设计，并在上述社区的同事的经验。我们中的一些人从私人和公共组织的项目中获得了经验，我们中的一些人也在学术界工作，包括我们的教学中的民族志技术。这些举措代表了被贝德和奈斯忽视的替代方案，他们的假设似乎是，文化分析的作用仅限于评估发展过程，扩大我们对发展和使用的社会性质的理解，或向开发者提供反馈。我们认为，民族志可以在设计中发挥更积极的作用。（贝德和奈斯使用了“文化分析”和“人种学”这两个术语。在我们的论证中，我们只使用我们最熟悉的术语“民族志”。）
Cultural analysis, especially in its ethnographic form/variant, has been applied for some years now within the Computer Supported Cooperative Work (CSCW), the Human Computer Interaction (HCI), and the Participatory Design (PD) communities. These communities attract academics and practitioners who are concerned about the use-quality of computer based systems. Nevertheless, Bader and Nyce argue that cultural analysis "will probably not play a significant role in the development process at the least as it is presently defined." We argue that since the design and use of technology is socially constructed, cultural analysis will only play a role if its proponents strive to make room for it. The argument builds on our own experiences, being computer scientists who have integrated an ethnographic style of working with the design of computer based systems, and on the experiences of colleagues within the above mentioned communities. Some of us have gained our experience from projects in private and public organizations, and those of us also working in academia have included ethnographic techniques in our teaching. Such initiatives represent alternatives neglected by Bader and Nyce, whose assumptions seem to be that the role of cultural analysis is limited to assessments of a development process, to enlarging our understanding of the social nature of development and use, or to providing feedback to developers. We argue that ethnography can play a more proactive role within design. (Bader and Nyce use the terms 'cultural analysis' and 'ethnography'. In our argumentation we use only the term 'ethnography' with which we are most familiar.)