Linking water quality trends with land use intensification in dairy farming catchments
Linking water quality trends with land use intensification in dairy farming catchments
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jhydrol.2012.08.057
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发表时间：
2013-01
影响因子：
6.4
通讯作者：
Andrew P. Smith;A. Western;Murray C. Hannah
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Andrew P. Smith;A. Western;Murray C. Hannah
农业，特别是畜牧业乳制品业，在过去二十年显着加强。人们越来越担心这种加剧可能与环境质量下降有关。本文分析了澳大利亚维多利亚州西南部三个流域的水质变化，在过去 21 年里，该地区的主要土地用途一直是乳制品业，而且在农业系统的变化以及各种形式的氮 (N) 和磷 (P) 进口的推动下，牛奶生产强度有所增加。我们的目的是调查在此期间水质是否发生变化，以及这些变化是否与流域规模的土地利用强度有关。对三个相邻的流域进行了调查，这些流域在水文、生物化学和土地利用比例方面有所不同。对连续数据集的统计分析表明，N 和 P 的浓度在 21 年期间发生了变化。 1990 年至 2000 年，牛奶生产的集约化与溪流中氮和磷浓度的增加之间存在显着的联系。流域之间的影响有所不同，可能是由于水文差异反过来影响生物地球化学。从 2000 年到 2011 年，有一些证据表明，由于农业系统的各种变化，这种联系可能开始脱钩，尽管很难具体说明哪些变化产生了最大的影响。生产集约化与水质之间密切联系的结果是，如果不对耕作系统进行根本性改变，或者不在流域内实施物理变化，例如更有效的河岸缓冲区或处理湿地，农业集约化的增加可能会导致水质进一步恶化。通过这项研究，强调了调查多个水质参数和土地利用数据集以了解流域功能的重要性。
Agriculture, particularly pastoral based dairying, has intensified significantly in the past two decades. There are mounting concerns that this intensification could be linked to declining environmental quality. This paper analyses changes in water quality in three catchments in south-west Victoria, Australia, where the dominant land use has been dairying for the past 21years and where the intensity of milk production has increased, driven by changes in farming systems and imports of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) in various forms. We aimed to investigate if water quality has changed over that period and if such changes were related to the intensity of land use at the catchment scale. Three adjoining catchments were investigated which are different in terms of hydrology, biochemistry and land use proportions. Statistical analysis of continuous datasets showed that concentrations of N and P changed over the 21year period. There were notable links between the intensification of milk production and increasing concentrations of N and P in streams from 1990 to 2000. The influence varied between catchments possibly due to hydrological differences that in turn influence biogeochemistry. From 2000 to 2011, there is some evidence this link may be starting to become decoupled due to various changes in farming systems, although it is difficult to specify which changes have had the greatest effect. The outcome of the close links between production intensification and water quality is that without fundamental changes to the farming systems, or without physical changes implemented in the catchment such as more effective riparian buffers or treatment wetlands, increases in agricultural intensity may lead to further degradation of water quality. Through this study the importance of investigating multiple water quality parameters and land use datasets to understand catchment functioning has been highlighted.