SEARCH COSTS AND HABITAT SELECTION BY DISPERSERS
SEARCH COSTS AND HABITAT SELECTION BY DISPERSERS
复制标题
分散者的搜索成本和栖息地选择
DOI：
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发表时间：
2005
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
M. Reid
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
J. Stamps;V. V. Krishnan;M. Reid
搜索成本对分散者栖息地选择的影响在很大程度上尚不清楚。我们使用专为远距离出生分散者设计的模型，探索栖息地选择行为如何受到途中死亡风险和延迟搜索成本（即在到达新栖息地后降低适应度的搜索过程中产生的成本）的影响。在这种情况下，搜索期间死亡风险的增加会降低分散者的选择性，其中选择性反映在搜索期间分散者只愿意接受高质量栖息地的时期。然而，递延成本对选择性的影响取决于对选择性有显着影响的其他因素，包括与高质量栖息地的相遇率、相对栖息地质量和总搜索时间。令人惊讶的是，在某些条件下，递延成本的增加会导致分散器选择性的增加。总体而言，相对于其他因素对选择性的影响，死亡率和递延成本对选择性的影响较小。例如，我们的模型表明，选择性受总搜索时间的影响比受搜索成本的影响要大得多，并且它预测同一群体中个体的总搜索时间和分散者选择性之间存在正相关关系，即使面对死亡风险或延迟搜索成本存在相当大的个体间差异。
The effects of search costs on habitat selection by dispersers are largely unknown. We explore how habitat selection behavior is affected by the risk of mortality en route and by deferred search costs (i.e., costs incurred during search that reduce fitness after arrival in the new habitat), using a model designed for long-distance natal dispersers searching for scarce patches of suitable habitat embedded within a matrix of unsuitable habitat. In this situation, increases in the risk of mortality during search reduce disperser selectivity, where selectivity is reflected by the period during search when dispersers are only willing to accept a high-quality habitat. However, the effects of deferred costs on selectivity depend on other factors with pronounced effects on selectivity, including en- counter rates with high-quality habitats, relative habitat quality, and total search time. Surprisingly, under some sets of conditions, increases in deferred costs lead to increases in disperser selectivity. Overall, the effects of mortality and deferred costs on selectivity are small relative to the effects of other factors on selectivity. For instance, our model suggests that selectivity is much more strongly affected by total search time than by search costs, and it predicts a positive relationship between total search time and disperser selec- tivity across individuals in the same population, even in the face of considerable inter- individual variation in risk of mortality or deferred search costs.