Energy and environmental appraisal of domestic laundering appliances

Energy and environmental appraisal of domestic laundering appliances
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家用洗涤设备能源与环境评价

DOI:
10.1080/09613218.2012.708599
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发表时间:
2012
影响因子:
3.9
通讯作者:
Porteous C
Porteous C
中科院分区:
工程技术3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Porteous C

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当英国和苏格兰政府致力于实现零碳住房时,家庭洗涤存在两个关键问题:被动室内干燥,影响供暖使用和室内环境(其他地方已解决);以及电器的能源和环境影响。 2008-2011 年“家庭洗钱环境评估”研究报告了相关结果,该研究利用了格拉斯哥调查的 100 处住宅中的 22 个案例研究的监测数据。不同的消费者特征和习惯,加上可变的技术性能,提供了广泛的估计年度消费范围的定量和定性证据。实际使用量和能源消耗的平均值低于英国的预测;和值不一定与制造商的能源等级相对应。在更广泛的讨论中,案例研究中洗涤用电量的中值和平均外推(105 和 174 千瓦时/人年)证明相对于达到德国被动式节能屋标准的住宅可用电量的比例具有重要意义。提出了从“灰”水中回收热量的潜力以及减少电器消耗的其他选项。讨论了抵消共享设施消耗的可再生技术作为缓解个人家庭性能的一种手段。上述方面是针对住房占用者、提供者、国家和地方政府以及行业的关键结论。
At a time when UK and Scottish governments are aiming for zero-carbon housing, there are two key issues for domestic laundering: passive indoor drying, affecting heating use and the indoor environment (addressed elsewhere); and energy and environmental impacts of appliances. Relevant findings are reported on the 2008–2011 study ‘Environmental Assessment of Domestic Laundering’, drawing on monitored data from 22 case studies out of 100 dwellings surveyed in Glasgow. Differing consumer traits and habits, combined with variable technical performance, provide quantitative and qualitative evidence of a wide estimated annual consumption range. Actual usage and energy consumption averaged less than UK predictions; and values did not necessarily correspond with manufacturers' energy ratings. In a wider discussion, case study median and mean extrapolations of electricity consumed by laundering (105 and 174 kWh/person-year) prove significant relative to the proportion of what could be available to a dwelling achieving the German Passivhaus standard. The potential for heat recovery from ‘grey’water is posited along with other options for mitigating power consumed by appliances. Renewable technology to offset consumption in shared facilities is discussed as a means of easing the performance of individual homes. The foregoing aspects are among key conclusions directed at housing occupiers, providers, national and local governments, and industry.
通过实用的太阳能升级取代电能来烘干家庭衣物 - 拟议的格拉斯哥住房案例研究
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