3D Printable Ceramic-Polymer Electrolytes for Flexible High-Performance Li-Ion Batteries with Enhanced Thermal Stability
3D Printable Ceramic-Polymer Electrolytes for Flexible High-Performance Li-Ion Batteries with Enhanced Thermal Stability
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DOI：
10.1002/aenm.201602920
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发表时间：
2017-07-19
影响因子：
27.8
通讯作者：
Durstock, Michael F.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Blake, Aaron J.;Kohlmeyer, Ryan R.;Durstock, Michael F.
这项研究建立了一种使用干相转化法3D打印具有受控孔隙率的锂离子电池电解质的方法。该油墨制剂利用N-甲基-2-吡咯烷酮（良溶剂）和甘油（弱非溶剂）的混合物中的聚（偏二氟乙烯）以在简单的干燥步骤期间产生孔隙。当纳米尺寸的Al 2 O3填料包括在油墨中时，获得均匀的亚微米孔形成。换句话说，电解质的全部功能不需要额外的处理步骤，如凝固浴，拉伸或蚀刻，这使得它成为完全增材制造锂离子电池的可行候选者。与商业聚烯烃隔板相比，这些电解质表现出相当的高倍率电化学性能（例如，5 ℃），但具有更好的润湿特性和增强的热稳定性。此外，这种干相转化方法可以扩展到可印刷的复合电极，产生比仅用良溶剂制备的电极更强的柔性和电化学性能。最后，已经证明了通过直写挤出技术在复合电极上顺序印刷这种电解质油墨，同时在两个层中保持预期的功能。这些油墨配方是迈向完全印刷电池的一个有利步骤，并且可以允许在有限的设备区域或非平面表面上直接集成柔性电源。
This study establishes an approach to 3D print Li-ion battery electrolytes with controlled porosity using a dry phase inversion method. This ink formulation utilizes poly(vinyldene fluoride) in a mixture of N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (good solvent) and glycerol (weak nonsolvent) to generate porosity during a simple drying step. When a nanosized Al2O3 filler is included in the ink, uniform sub-micrometer pore formation is attained. In other words, no additional processing steps such as coagulation baths, stretching, or etching are required for full functionality of the electrolyte, which makes it a viable candidate to enable completely additively manufactured Li-ion batteries. Compared to commercial polyolefin separators, these electrolytes demonstrate comparable high rate electrochemical performance (e.g., 5 C), but possess better wetting characteristics and enhanced thermal stability. Additionally, this dry phase inversion method can be extended to printable composite electrodes, yielding enhanced flexibility and electrochemical performance over electrodes prepared with only good solvent. Finally, sequentially printing this electrolyte ink over a composite electrode via a direct write extrusion technique has been demonstrated while maintaining expected functionality in both layers. These ink formulations are an enabling step toward completely printed batteries and can allow direct integration of a flexible power source in restricted device areas or on nonplanar surfaces.