Visual Foraging With Fingers and Eye Gaze
Visual Foraging With Fingers and Eye Gaze
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DOI：
10.1177/2041669516637279
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发表时间：
2016-03-01
期刊：
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
Kristjansson, Arni
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Johannesson, Omar I.;Thornton, Ian M.;Kristjansson, Arni
选择性视觉注意功能的一个流行模型涉及搜索，即在干扰物中找到单个目标。对于许多场景，更现实的模型涉及搜索各种类型的多个目标，因为自然任务通常不涉及单个目标。在这里，我们提出了一个新的多目标觅食范例的结果。我们比较手指觅食，观察者取消一组预先指定的目标，通过点击他们，凝视觅食，观察者取消项目，固定他们100毫秒。在手指觅食，对于大多数观察者来说，有一个很大的差异觅食基于一个单一的功能，观察者之间切换容易的目标类型，以及基于观察者倾向于坚持一种目标类型的特征结合的觅食。该模式是显着不同的凝视觅食，这些条件的差异较小。得出两个结论：（1）相当多的观察者（特别是在凝视搜寻过程中）在不同目标类型之间切换几乎没有困难，这一事实对视觉注意和工作记忆的许多著名理论提出了挑战。(b)虽然必须注意的是，凝视和手指觅食的比较，结果表明，选择机制的凝视和指向有不同的操作限制。
A popular model of the function of selective visual attention involves search where a single target is to be found among distractors. For many scenarios, a more realistic model involves search for multiple targets of various types, since natural tasks typically do not involve a single target. Here we present results from a novel multiple-target foraging paradigm. We compare finger foraging where observers cancel a set of predesignated targets by tapping them, to gaze foraging where observers cancel items by fixating them for 100 ms. During finger foraging, for most observers, there was a large difference between foraging based on a single feature, where observers switch easily between target types, and foraging based on a conjunction of features where observers tended to stick to one target type. The pattern was notably different during gaze foraging where these condition differences were smaller. Two conclusions follow: (a) The fact that a sizeable number of observers (in particular during gaze foraging) had little trouble switching between different target types raises challenges for many prominent theoretical accounts of visual attention and working memory. (b) While caveats must be noted for the comparison of gaze and finger foraging, the results suggest that selection mechanisms for gaze and pointing have different operational constraints.