INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCE AND CONTEXTUAL VARIABLES INFLUENCE SPATIAL MEMORY IN YOUNGER AND OLDER ADULTS
INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCE AND CONTEXTUAL VARIABLES INFLUENCE SPATIAL MEMORY IN YOUNGER AND OLDER ADULTS
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DOI：
10.1037/0882-7974.8.4.517
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发表时间：
1993-12-01
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
PARK, DC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
CHERRY, KE;PARK, DC
本研究考察了个体差异和环境变量对空间位置记忆的年龄差异大小的影响。对年轻人和两个在教育程度、言语智力和工作记忆能力方面存在差异的老年人进行了比较。SS研究了放置在普通地图或视觉独特模型上的小物体的排列，并在后来重新创建了这些排列。这些物品要么是不相关的，要么是绝对相关的。结果表明，独特的背景增强了空间记忆，其益处的大小在不同年龄组和刺激集之间大体相当。层次回归分析证实，工作记忆资源在空间位置记忆的年龄相关变异中占有相当大的比例。这些结果对当前关于空间位置记忆与年龄相关的差异的观点的影响进行了讨论。
This study examined the influence of individual difference and contextual variables on the magnitude of age differences in memory for spatial location. Younger adults and 2 samples of older adults that differed in educational attainment, verbal intelligence, and working memory ability were compared. Ss studied and later recreated an arrangement of small objects that were placed on a plain map or a visually distinctive model. The objects were either unrelated or categorically related items. The results indicated that distinctive context enhanced spatial memory, and the magnitude of the benefit was generally comparable across age groups and stimulus sets. Hierarchical regression analyses confirmed that working memory resources accounted for a sizable proportion of age-related variance in memory for spatial location. The implications of these results for current views on age-related differences in memory for spatial location are discussed.