Visual modulation of firing and spectrotemporal receptive fields in mouse auditory cortex.
Visual modulation of firing and spectrotemporal receptive fields in mouse auditory cortex.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.crneur.2022.100040
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发表时间：
2022
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Hasenstaub, Andrea R
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Bigelow, James;Morrill, Ryan J;Olsen, Timothy;Hasenstaub, Andrea R
最近的研究已经在视觉区和初级听觉皮层（A1）之间建立了重要的解剖和功能联系，这可能对认知过程（如通信和空间感知）很重要。这些研究提出了两个重要的问题：第一，在A1细胞群响应视觉输入和/或视觉环境的影响？第二，声音编码的哪些方面受到视觉环境的影响？为了解决这些问题，我们记录了清醒小鼠在暴露于听觉和视觉刺激期间大脑皮层的单个单位活动。对视觉刺激有反应的神经元在深层皮层中最普遍，包括兴奋性和抑制性细胞。这些神经元中的绝大多数也对声音作出反应，表明单峰视觉神经元在A1中很少见。其他神经元的声音诱发的反应是由视觉背景调制类似的兴奋性或抑制性，但更均匀地分布在皮层层。这些调制的影响几乎完全影响持续的声音诱发的放电率（FR）的反应或spectrotemporal感受野（STRFs），在刺激发作的瞬态FR变化很少修改视觉环境。视觉调制的STRF和持续的FR反应的神经元群体大多是不重叠的，这表明spectrotemporal功能的选择性和整体兴奋性可能是差异敏感的视觉环境。视觉调制的影响是异质的，增加和减少STRF增益大致相等比例的神经元。我们的研究结果表明，视觉的影响是令人惊讶的普遍和diferase表达在整个层和细胞类型在A1，影响近五分之一的神经元整体。在A1中，视觉输入改变持续的但不是开始的声音诱发的放电率（FR）。视觉输入也会改变STRF，通常不会改变FR。一些深层的兴奋性和抑制性细胞直接对视觉信号做出反应。视觉调制神经元通常位于深层皮质层之外。几乎所有视觉反应神经元也会对声音做出反应。
Recent studies have established significant anatomical and functional connections between visual areas and primary auditory cortex (A1), which may be important for cognitive processes such as communication and spatial perception. These studies have raised two important questions: First, which cell populations in A1 respond to visual input and/or are influenced by visual context? Second, which aspects of sound encoding are affected by visual context? To address these questions, we recorded single-unit activity across cortical layers in awake mice during exposure to auditory and visual stimuli. Neurons responsive to visual stimuli were most prevalent in the deep cortical layers and included both excitatory and inhibitory cells. The overwhelming majority of these neurons also responded to sound, indicating unimodal visual neurons are rare in A1. Other neurons for which sound-evoked responses were modulated by visual context were similarly excitatory or inhibitory but more evenly distributed across cortical layers. These modulatory influences almost exclusively affected sustained sound-evoked firing rate (FR) responses or spectrotemporal receptive fields (STRFs); transient FR changes at stimulus onset were rarely modified by visual context. Neuron populations with visually modulated STRFs and sustained FR responses were mostly non-overlapping, suggesting spectrotemporal feature selectivity and overall excitability may be differentially sensitive to visual context. The effects of visual modulation were heterogeneous, increasing and decreasing STRF gain in roughly equal proportions of neurons. Our results indicate visual influences are surprisingly common and diversely expressed throughout layers and cell types in A1, affecting nearly one in five neurons overall. In A1, visual inputs alter sustained but not onset sound-evoked firing rates (FRs). Visual inputs also change STRFs, often without altering FRs. Some deep layer excitatory and inhibitory cells respond outright to visual signals. Visually modulated neurons are often found outside the deep cortical layers. Nearly all visually responsive neurons also respond to sound.