A novel method to induce direct somatic embryogenesis, secondary embryogenesis and regeneration of fertile green cereal plants
A novel method to induce direct somatic embryogenesis, secondary embryogenesis and regeneration of fertile green cereal plants
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DOI：
10.1023/a:1022800512708
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发表时间：
2003-05-01
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
Cheng, KJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Eudes, F;Acharya, S;Cheng, KJ
为七种禾谷类植物开发了直接体细胞胚胎发生和次生胚胎发生方案，为植物离体遗传转化或繁殖提供了新的前景。本文介绍了一种新的方法，已成功地开发了广泛的谷物物种和基因型的有效再生。该组织培养和再生系统不需要形成愈伤组织，并且需要大约2个月完成，比任何目前可用的需要3-4个月的系统短。以大麦、普通小麦、硬粒小麦为材料，研究了直接体细胞胚胎发生的快速诱导技术。durum）和衍生的双倍体、野生小麦（T.和单孢菌T. urartu）、黑麦（Secale cereale）和燕麦（Avena sativa）在DSEM培养基上诱导的。将新发育的球形胚在SEM培养基上培养用于第二周期的胚发生，随后萌发（GEM培养基）并使胚再生为正常生长的绿色和可育的植物。从这些谷物中诱导直接体细胞胚胎发生、次生胚胎发生和植物再生的体外技术需要特定序列的限定培养基和受控环境。所用培养基的顺序和时间以及它们的激素组成和平衡是这个过程的关键方面。这些培养基的有机和无机成分并不新鲜，但对于支持和维持组织的快速生长很重要。
A direct somatic embryogenesis and secondary embryogenesis protocol was developed for seven cereal species, thus providing a new vista for in vitro plant genetic transformation or propagation. This paper describes a novel process that has been successfully developed for efficient regeneration of a wide range of cereal species and genotypes. This tissue culture and regeneration system does not require formation of callus tissues and takes approximately 2 months to complete, shorter than any of the currently available systems requiring 3-4 months. Rapid induction of direct somatic embryogenesis in barley (Hordeum vulgare), common wheat (Triticum aestivum), durum wheat (T. durum) and derived amphiploids, wild wheat (T. monococcum and T. urartu), rye (Secale cereale) and oats (Avena sativa) was induced from excised immature scutellum on DSEM medium. Newly developed globular embryos were cultured on SEM medium for a second cycle of embryogenesis followed by germination (GEM medium) and regeneration of embryos into normally growing green and fertile plants. In vitro techniques to induce direct somatic embryogenesis, secondary embryogenesis and plant regeneration from these cereals require a specific sequence of defined media and controlled environments. The sequence and the timing of the media used, as well as their hormonal composition and balance are critical aspects of this process. The organic and mineral compositions of these media are not new but are important for supporting and sustaining rapid growth of the tissues.