Can on-site management mitigate nitrogen deposition impacts in non-wooded habitats?
Can on-site management mitigate nitrogen deposition impacts in non-wooded habitats?
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DOI：
10.1016/j.biocon.2016.06.012
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发表时间：
2017-08-01
影响因子：
5.9
通讯作者：
Dale, S.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jones, L.;Stevens, C.;Dale, S.
氮沉降是植物生物多样性丧失的主要原因，对保护地的适当管理具有严重影响。减少氮排放是唯一的长期解决方案。然而，现场管理有可能减轻氮沉积的一些不利影响。在本文中，我们审查管理活动，如放牧，切割，燃烧，水文管理和土壤扰动措施，可以减轻负面影响的N在一系列的温带栖息地（酸性，石灰质和中性草原，沙丘和其他沿海栖息地，石楠，沼泽和沼泽）。该综述主要集中在欧洲的栖息地，这有一个漫长的历史的N沉积，它不包括森林系统。对于每一种管理类型，我们区分行动，提高栖息地的保护重要性的植物物种的适宜性，并采取行动，brown或从系统中删除它。对于草地和石楠地，我们整理数据的N去除量由每个管理类型。我们的研究结果表明，虽然大多数活动提高栖息地的适宜性，大多数做得很少，以减缓或减少氮积累在土壤池在目前的沉积速率。只有沉重的切割/割草与删除在草地上，高强度烧伤在石楠和草皮切割去除更多的N比来自沉积在典型的管理周期。最后，我们讨论了一些意想不到的后果，管理专门为N的影响，其中包括损害非目标物种，改变土壤过程，种子库的损失和土壤碳的损失。(C)2016爱思唯尔有限公司版权所有
Nitrogen (N) deposition is a major cause of plant biodiversity loss, with serious implications for appropriate management of protected sites. Reducing N emissions is the only long-term solution. However, on-site management has the potential to mitigate some of the adverse effects of N deposition. In this paper we review how management activities such as grazing, cutting, burning, hydrological management and soil disturbance measures can mitigate the negative impacts of N across a range of temperate habitats (acid, calcareous and neutral grasslands, sand dunes and other coastal habitats, heathlands, bogs and fens). The review focuses mainly on European habitats, which have a long history of N deposition, and it excludes forested systems. For each management type we distinguish between actions that improve habitat suitability for plant species of conservation importance, and actions that immobilize N or remove it from the system. For grasslands and heathlands we collate data on the quantity of N removal by each management type. Our findings show that while most activities improve habitat suitability, the majority do little to slow or to reduce the amount of N accumulating in soil pools at current deposition rates. Only heavy cutting/mowing with removal in grasslands, high intensity burns in heathlands and sod cutting remove more N than comes in from deposition under typical management cycles. We conclude by discussing some of the unintended consequences of managing specifically for N impacts, which can include damage to non-target species, alteration of soil processes, loss of the seedbank and loss of soil carbon. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.