Hayabusa's Way Back to Earth by Microwave Discharge Ion Engines
Hayabusa's Way Back to Earth by Microwave Discharge Ion Engines
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DOI：
10.2514/6.2010-6862
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发表时间：
2010-07
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
K. Nishiyama;S. Hosoda;H. Koizumi;Y. Shimizu;I. Funaki;H. Kuninaka;M. Bodendorfer;J. Kawaguchi;D. Nakata
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文献类型：
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作者：
K. Nishiyama;S. Hosoda;H. Koizumi;Y. Shimizu;I. Funaki;H. Kuninaka;M. Bodendorfer;J. Kawaguchi;D. Nakata
无阴极电子回旋共振离子发动机μ10推动了2003年5月发射的隼鸟号小行星探测器，该探测器的重点是演示从小行星取样返回所需的技术，使用电力推进、光学导航、零重力场中的物质取样以及从日心轨道直接重返。经过两年的深空飞行后，它与小行星丝川号会合，三角洲V为1.4公里/秒，氙推进剂消耗22公斤，所有四个离子发动机累计运行时间为25800小时。虽然它在2005年11月成功降落在小行星上，但航天器严重受损。这推迟了地球在2010年的回归，而原计划是在2007年。利用剩余的功能和新上传的控制逻辑对操作方案进行重建，使Hayabusa于2007年4月离开地球。经过2008年的滑行期后，离子推进器于2009年2月重新点火。虽然大多数的中和器退化，无法使用的2009年秋季，一个离子源和其相邻的中和器的组合已成功地运行了3230小时，包括一系列的最后的轨迹修正演习。在重返大气层之前，累计运行时间达到39，637小时，共消耗47公斤氙推进剂。动力航天飞行的总持续时间为25590小时，提供了2.2 km/s的Δ V和约1 MN·s的总冲。最后，飞船返回地球。它的返回舱，其中可能包含小行星丝川的样本，是按照计划从澳大利亚内陆取回的。
The cathode-less electron cyclotron resonance ion engines, μ10, propelled the Hayabusa asteroid explorer, launched in May 2003, which is focused on demonstrating the technology needed for a sample return from an asteroid, using electric propulsion, optical navigation, material sampling in a zero gravity field, and direct re-entry from a heliocentric orbit. It rendezvoused with the asteroid Itokawa after a two year deep space flight with a delta-V of 1.4 km/s, 22 kg of xenon propellant consumption and 25800 hours of total accumulated operational time of all the four ion engines added up. Though it succeeded in landing on the asteroid on November 2005, the spacecraft was seriously damaged. This delayed the Earth return in 2010 from the original plan in 2007. Reconstruction on the operational scheme using remaining functions and newly uploaded control logic made Hayabusa leave for Earth in April 2007. After a coasting period of 2008, the ion propulsion was reignited in February 2009. Although most of the neutralizers were degraded and unable to be used by fall of 2009, a combination of an ion source and its neighboring neutralizer has been successfully operated for the last 3230 hours including a series of final trajectory correction maneuvers. Before reentry, the total accumulated operational time reached 39637 hours consuming a total of 47 kg Xenon propellant. Total duration of powered spaceflight is 25590 hours which provided a delta-V of 2.2 km/s and a total impulse of 1 MN·s, approximately. Finally, the spacecraft returned to Earth. Its reentry capsule, which may contain samples from asteroid Itokawa, was retrieved from the Australian outback according to plan .