The Adaptation and Mitigation Strategies for Climate Change in Pastoral Communities of Ethiopia
The Adaptation and Mitigation Strategies for Climate Change in Pastoral Communities of Ethiopia
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DOI：
10.11648/j.ajep.20170603.12
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发表时间：
2017-05
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
A. Chinasho;Dalga Yaya;Samuel T. Tessema
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
A. Chinasho;Dalga Yaya;Samuel T. Tessema
世界上的旱地是20亿人的家园，其中许多人依靠自然资源、生物多样性和农业生物多样性维持生计。畜牧社区对气候变化的脆弱性高于依赖农业的社区由于卫生服务不足、基础设施不足、贫困和贫穷等因素的协同作用，（特别是在农村社区），缺乏其他收入来源（特别是在边缘地区），公众对疾病风险的认识不足，文盲，等等。因此，摘要本文主要探讨了埃塞俄比亚牧区对气候变化的适应和缓解策略。本次审查的目的是确定不同的适应和缓解战略（传统和现代），以应对气候变化，应在埃塞俄比亚的不同牧区社区使用。换句话说，它帮助这些牧民社区分享关于新的适应和减缓战略的适用性和效益的信息，和/或改进先前现有战略（措施）的执行进程。因此，通过分享有关未来灾害发生的重要信息，可以最大限度地减少人畜生命损失、建筑物被风破坏、产量和生产力下降、额外的治疗费用、不适当的（突然迁移）以及对牧区整体活动的干扰。当地社区使用的和/或不同研究人员在发现后建议的适当措施是：保持或改善动物健康，根据天气条件减少和重新放养牲畜，保持牲畜饲料和水的可持续性，生计多样化，季节性移徙，使用木柴和木炭以外的替代能源，改善人类健康（a）利用综合自然资源管理、健全的政策和解决冲突的方法，发展和改善环境卫生和清洁水供应、市场和基础设施。
The world’s drylands are home to 2 billion people, many of whom depend on natural resources, biodiversity and agro-biodiversity for their livelihoods. The vulnerability of pastoral communities to climate change is higher than those who depend on agriculture (crop production) due to the synergic effect of inadequate health services, inadequate infrastructure, poverty (especially among rural communities), lack of alternative means of income(especially in marginal areas), inadequate public awareness of disease risks, illiteracy, and so on. As a result, this review focuses on the adaptive and mitigation strategies for pastoral communities to climate change and variability in Ethiopia. The objective of this review is to identify different adaptation and mitigation strategies (both traditional and modern) to climate change that should be used in different Pastoral communities of Ethiopia. In other words, it helps those pastoral communities to share the information about applicability and benefits of the new adaptation and mitigation strategies, and/or improve the implementation process of previously existing strategies (measures). Consequently, the loss of human and livestock life, damage of buildings by wind, reduction in production and productivity, extra cost for cure, inappropriate (sudden migration), and disturbance of overall activities of pastoral community can be minimized by sharing the important information about the future occurrence of disasters. The appropriate measures either used by local communities and/or recommended by different researchers after their findings are: keeping or improving animal health, de-stocking and re-stocking livestock depending on weather conditions, keeping the sustainability of livestock feed and water, diversifying livelihood, seasonal migration, using alternate energy sources other than fire wood and charcoal, improving human health (sanitation) and clean water supply, market and infrastructure development and improvement, using integrated natural resource management, and sound policy and Conflict resolution methods.