Coelacanths as "almost living fossils"
Coelacanths as "almost living fossils"
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DOI：
10.3389/fevo.2014.00049
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发表时间：
2014-01-01
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
Guinot, Guillaume
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cavin, Lionel;Guinot, Guillaume
自 Darvvir (18591) 使用以来，“活化石”的概念经历了多种定义，并受到了很多讨论和批评。在 1938 年发现后不久，腔棘鱼 Latimeria 就被视为“活化石”的标志性例子。多项形态学研究表明，腔棘鱼谱系 (Actinistia) 在其进化史上并未表现出关键的形态转变，分子研究表明 Latimeria 的替代率较低，然而，这种说法最近受到了质疑，认为低替代率并不真实，而且放射线虫的缓慢形态进化没有得到古生物学证据的支持。对大约 4 亿年时间间隔内三个脊椎动物谱系之间的形态转变的评估表明，腔棘鱼的形态差异比放线鱼和放线鱼的形态差异要小得多。四足动物。这些结果支持了这样的观点：现存的腔棘鱼是生命世界中的独特生物。
Since its usage by Darvvir (18591, the concept of "living fossil" has undergone multiple definitions and has been much discussed and criticized. Soon after its discovery in 1938, the coelacanth Latimeria was regarded as the iconic example of a "living fossil." Several morphological studies have shown that the coelacanth lineage (Actinistia) has not displayed critical morphological transformation during its evolutionary history and molecular studies have revealed a low substitution rate for Latimeria, indicating a slow genetic evolution. This statement, however, has been recently questioned by arguing that the low substitution rate was not real, and that the slow morphological evolution of actinistians was not supported by paleontological evidence. The assessment of morphological transformation among three vertebrate lineages during a time interval of circa 400 million years shows that the morphological disparity of coelacanths is much more reduced than the morphological disparity of Actinopterygii and Tetrapoda. These results support the idea that living coelacanths are singular organisms among the living world.