Construction of Geotourism and Its Contribution to the Sustainability of Regional Development in Australia
Construction of Geotourism and Its Contribution to the Sustainability of Regional Development in Australia
复制标题
澳大利亚地质旅游建设及其对区域可持续发展的贡献
DOI：
10.5026/jgeography.120.743
复制
发表时间：
2011
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
T. Arima
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
T. Kikuchi;T. Arima
尽管澳大利亚只有一个地质公园，但有许多地质遗迹和相关群。这些地质景点构成了澳大利亚国家和省级公园以及自然保护区的地质旅游基地。根据地质遗迹的地理范围及其形成的网络，澳大利亚地质旅游可分为三种类型：小型、中型和大型地质旅游。 小规模地质旅游的特点是地质景点及其形成的网络的局部分布。例如，在威兰德拉湖地区，地质旅游的区域发展仅限于当地的地质遗址群及其周围环境。在这样的局部尺度上，地质旅游对区域发展的可持续性贡献不大，因为地质景点与其他区域资源之间的关系并不牢固，也没有形成有机的网络。这种类型的地质旅游与生态旅游类似，与生态遗址和保护的联系很重要。中型地质旅游的特点是区域分布较广，与少数国家公园和省级公园以及大蓝山地区等自然保护区结合在一起。尽管在这种类型的地质旅游中，地质遗迹及其集群与其他一些类型的区域资源相关，但它们仍然以生物资源和自然景观为主。这种类型的地质旅游通常是对从城市地区可轻松到达的地区的大众旅游的补充。另一方面，大规模地质旅游的特点是传播范围更广，地质景点网络更广泛，例如地质公园所在的卡纳温卡地区，覆盖了维多利亚州和南澳大利亚省的大片地区。尽管地质景点分散，但它们之间的关系很强，与其他区域资源的联系有助于地质旅游的发展。因此，这种类型的地质旅游对区域发展的可持续性做出了重要贡献，因为地质遗址和其他区域资源之间的关系产生了多功能网络，从而提供了多样化的旅游选择。
Although there is only one geopark in Australia, there are many geosites and associated clusters. These geosites form the base of geotourism in Australian national and provincial parks and in nature conservation areas. According to the geosites' geographical range and the networks they generate, Australian geotourism can be divided into three types: small-scale, medium-scale, and large-scale geotourism. Small-scale geotourism is characterized by the local distribution of geosites and of the networks they form. In the Willandra Lakes Region, for example, the regional development of geotourism is limited to a local cluster of geosites and their immediate surroundings. At such a local scale, geotourism does not contribute much to the sustainability of regional development because the relationship between geosites and other regional resources is not strong and does not generate organic networks. This type of geotourism is similar to ecotourism, and the linkage with eco-sites and conservation is important. Medium-scale geotourism is characterized by a broader regional distribution and occurs in combination with a small number of national and provincial parks, and with nature conservation areas such as the Greater Blue Mountain Region. Although geosites and their clusters are linked with some other kinds of regional resource in this type of geotourism, they remain dominated by bio-resources and the natural landscape. This type of geotourism generally complements mass-tourism in areas that are easily accessible from urban areas. On the other hand, large-scale geotourism is characterized by its broader spread and a wider network of geosites such as the Kanawinka Region, where the geopark is located, stretching over large areas of Victoria and South Australia Provinces. In spite of the dispersion of geosites, the relationships among them are strong and the linkage with additional regional resources contributes to the development of geotourism. Therefore, this type of geotourism makes an important contribution to the sustainability of regional development because the relationships among geosites and other regional resources generate multi-functional networks, and thus offers a diversity of tourism options.