Psychosocial factors associated with skin self-exam performance
Psychosocial factors associated with skin self-exam performance
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DOI：
10.3200/jach.56.6.701-705
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发表时间：
2008-05-01
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Moriarty, Cortney M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Jensen, Jakob D.;Moriarty, Cortney M.
目的：探讨与青年人皮肤自我检查（SSE）表现相关的社会心理因素。参与者和方法：作者对218名在中西部一所大型大学就读的美国大学生（18-26岁）进行了调查。结果：与先前的研究相反，男性（44%）和女性（49%）在前一年进行至少1次SSE的频率相对相似。此外，男女都没有特别认真地检查身体的所有6个部位（即手臂或手、躯干前部、头部或颈部、腿或脚、躯干后部、两侧或腋窝）；他们尤其忽视了被皮肤科医生认定为高风险的身体部位。对于男性，行为信念（不考虑表现）和规范信念（描述性规范）显著预测SSE绩效。对于女性，2种行为信念（不考虑表演，不知道要找什么），规范性信念（描述性规范）和身体不适（不舒服地看着身体）显著预测SSE表现。结论：SSE运动应针对意识、症状、描述性规范和身体不适。此外，卫生传播者应鼓励男性和女性更彻底地检查他们身体的高风险部位，这些部位通常被忽视。
Objective: The authors examined psychosocial factors associated with skin self-exam (SSE) performance by young adults. Participants and Methods: The authors administered surveys to 218 US college students (aged 18-26 years) attending a large midwestern university. Results: Contrary to prior research, men (44%) and women (49%) were relatively similar in the frequency with which they performed at least I SSE in the previous year. In addition, neither gender was particularly diligent at checking all 6 areas of the body (ie, arms or hands, front torso, head or neck, legs or feet, back torso, and sides or armpits); they especially overlooked body areas identified by dermatologists as high risk. For men, a behavioral belief (do not think about performing) and a normative belief (descriptive norm) significantly predicted SSE performance. For women, 2 behavioral beliefs (do not think about performing, do not know what to look for), a normative belief (descriptive norm), and bodily discomfort (uncomfortable looking at body) significantly predicted SSE performance. Conclusions: SSE campaigns should target awareness, symptoms to look for, descriptive norms, and bodily discomfort. In addition, health communicators should encourage men and women to more thoroughly examine high-risk areas of their bodies, which are routinely overlooked.